Local knowledge has been proposed as a place‐based tool to ground‐truth climate models and to narrow their geographic sensitivity. To assess the potential role of local knowledge in our quest to understand better climate change and its impacts, we first need to critically review the strengths and weaknesses of local knowledge of climate change and the potential complementarity with scientific knowledge. With this aim, we conducted a systematic, quantitative meta‐analysis of published peer‐reviewed documents reporting local indicators of climate change (including both local observations of climate change and observed impacts on the biophysical and the social systems). Overall, primary data on the topic are not abundant, the methodological development is incipient, and the geographical extent is unbalanced. On the 98 case studies documented, we recorded the mention of 746 local indicators of climate change, mostly corresponding to local observations of climate change (40%), but also to observed impacts on the physical (23%), the biological (19%), and the socioeconomic (18%) systems. Our results suggest that, even if local observations of climate change are the most frequently reported type of change, the rich and fine‐grained knowledge in relation to impacts on biophysical systems could provide more original contributions to our understanding of climate change at local scale. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:109–124. doi: 10.1002/wcc.374

中文翻译：

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当地气候变化指标：当地知识对气候研究的潜在贡献。

当地知识已被提议作为基于地点的工具来建立真实气候模型并缩小其地理敏感性。为了评估当地知识在我们寻求更好地了解气候变化及其影响方面的潜在作用，我们首先需要批判性地审查当地气候变化知识的优势和劣势以及与科学知识的潜在互补性。为此，我们对已发表的报告当地气候变化指标的同行评议文件进行了系统、定量的元分析（包括当地对气候变化的观察以及观察到的对生物物理和社会系统的影响）。总体而言，该主题的原始数据并不丰富，方法学发展处于起步阶段，地理范围不平衡。在记录的 98 个案例研究中，我们记录了 746 个当地气候变化指标的提及，主要对应于当地对气候变化的观察 (40%)，但也与观察到的对物理 (23%)、生物 (19%) 和社会经济 (18 %) 系统。我们的研究结果表明，即使对气候变化的当地观测是最常报告的变化类型，但与对生物物理系统的影响相关的丰富而细致的知识可以为我们在当地尺度上理解气候变化提供更多原创性的贡献。WIREs Clim Change 2016，7：109–124。doi: 10.1002/wcc.374