Comparative biogerontology has much to contribute to the study of aging. A broad range of aging rates have evolved to meet environmental challenges, and understanding these adaptations can produce valuable insights into aging. The supra Phylum Lophotrochozoa is particularly understudied and has several groups that have intriguing patterns of aging. Members of the Lophotrochozoan phylum Rotifera are particularly useful for aging studies because cohort life tables can be conducted with them easily, and biochemical and genomic tools are available for examining aging mechanisms. This paper reviews a variety of caloric restriction (CR) regimens, small molecule inhibitors, and dietary supplements that extend rotifer lifespan, as well as important interactions between CR and genotype, antioxidant supplements, and TOR and jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways, and the use of RNAi to identify key genes involved in modulating the aging response. Examples of how rapamycin and JNK inhibitor exposure keeps mortality rates low during the reproductive phase of the life cycle are presented, and the ease of conducting life table experiments to screen natural products from red algae for life extending effects is illustrated. Finally, experimental evolution to produce longer-lived rotifer individuals is demonstrated, and future directions to determine the genetic basis of aging are discussed.

中文翻译：

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轮虫作为研究衰老的实验工具

比较生物老年学对衰老研究有很大贡献。为应对环境挑战，老龄化率已经发生了很大变化，了解这些适应性可以产生对老龄化的宝贵见解。supra Phylum Lophotrochozoa 的研究尤其不足，并且有几个具有耐人寻味的衰老模式的群体。Lophotrochozoan 门 Rotifera 的成员对于衰老研究特别有用，因为可以轻松地使用它们进行队列生命表，并且可以使用生化和基因组工具来检查衰老机制。本文回顾了各种热量限制 (CR) 方案、小分子抑制剂和延长轮虫寿命的膳食补充剂，以及 CR 与基因型、抗氧化剂补充剂、和 TOR 和 jun-N-末端激酶 (JNK) 通路，以及使用 RNAi 识别参与调节衰老反应的关键基因。介绍了雷帕霉素和 JNK 抑制剂暴露如何在生命周期的生殖阶段保持低死亡率的例子，并说明了进行生命表实验以筛选来自红藻的天然产物以延长寿命的便利性。最后，展示了产生寿命更长轮虫个体的实验进化，并讨论了确定衰老遗传基础的未来方向。并说明了进行生命表实验以筛选来自红藻的天然产物以延长寿命的便利性。最后，展示了产生寿命更长轮虫个体的实验进化，并讨论了确定衰老遗传基础的未来方向。并说明了进行生命表实验以筛选来自红藻的天然产物以延长寿命的便利性。最后，展示了产生寿命更长轮虫个体的实验进化，并讨论了确定衰老遗传基础的未来方向。