The physiological role of the gastrointestinal microbiota has become an important subject of nutrition research in pigs in the past years, and the importance of intestinal microbial activity in the etiology of disease is doubtless. This review summarizes the recent knowledge related to the microbial ecology of protein fermentation and the appearance of protein-derived metabolites along the pig intestine. The amount of fermentable protein depends on factors such as dietary protein concentration, protein digestibility due to secondary or tertiary structure, the interaction with dietary compounds or anti-nutritional factors, and the secretion of endogenous proteins into the gut lumen. High protein diets increase the luminal concentrations and epithelial exposure to putatively toxic metabolites and increase the risk for post-weaning diarrhea, but the mechanisms are not yet clarified. Although the use of fermentable carbohydrates to reduce harmful protein-derived metabolites in pigs is well-established, recent studies suggest that the inclusion of fermentable carbohydrates into diets with low protein digestibility or high dietary protein level may not ameliorate all negative effects with regard to epithelial response. Based on the current knowledge, the use of diets with low levels of high-quality protein may help to reduce the risk for intestinal disease in young pigs.

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仔猪肠道蛋白发酵与健康的相关性

胃肠道微生物群的生理作用已成为近年来猪营养学研究的重要课题，肠道微生物活动在疾病病因学中的重要性毋庸置疑。本综述总结了与蛋白质发酵的微生物生态学和猪肠道中蛋白质衍生代谢物的出现相关的最新知识。可发酵蛋白质的量取决于诸如膳食蛋白质浓度、二级或三级结构引起的蛋白质消化率、与膳食化合物或抗营养因子的相互作用以及内源性蛋白质分泌到肠腔等因素。高蛋白饮食会增加管腔浓度和上皮对假定有毒代谢物的暴露，并增加断奶后腹泻的风险，但机制尚未明确。尽管使用可发酵碳水化合物来减少猪体内有害的蛋白质衍生代谢物已得到广泛认可，但最近的研究表明，在蛋白质消化率低或日粮蛋白质水平高的日粮中添加可发酵碳水化合物可能不会改善对上皮细胞的所有负面影响。回复。根据目前的知识，使用低水平优质蛋白质的日粮可能有助于降低幼猪肠道疾病的风险。最近的研究表明，在蛋白质消化率低或膳食蛋白质水平高的饮食中加入可发酵碳水化合物可能不会改善所有与上皮反应有关的负面影响。根据目前的知识，使用低水平优质蛋白质的日粮可能有助于降低幼猪肠道疾病的风险。最近的研究表明，在蛋白质消化率低或膳食蛋白质水平高的饮食中加入可发酵碳水化合物可能不会改善所有与上皮反应有关的负面影响。根据目前的知识，使用低水平优质蛋白质的日粮可能有助于降低幼猪肠道疾病的风险。