Approximately 60% of military personnel who experience mental health problems do not seek help, yet many of them could benefit from professional treatment. Across military studies, one of the most frequently reported barriers to help-seeking for mental health problems is concerns about stigma. It is, however, less clear how stigma influences mental health service utilization. This review will synthesize existing research on stigma, focusing on those in the military with mental health problems. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between 2001 and 2014 to examine the prevalence of stigma for seeking help for a mental health problem and its association with help-seeking intentions/mental health service utilization. Twenty papers met the search criteria. Weighted prevalence estimates for the 2 most endorsed stigma concerns were 44.2% (95% confidence interval: 37.1, 51.4) for "My unit leadership might treat me differently" and 42.9% (95% confidence interval: 36.8, 49.0) for "I would be seen as weak." Nine studies found no association between anticipated stigma and help-seeking intentions/mental health service use and 4 studies found a positive association. One study found a negative association between self-stigma and intentions to seek help. Counterintuitively, those that endorsed high anticipated stigma still utilized mental health services or were interested in seeking help. We propose that these findings may be related to intention-behavior gaps or methodological issues in the measurement of stigma. Positive associations may be influenced by modified labeling theory. Additionally, other factors such as self-stigma and negative attitudes toward mental health care may be worth further attention in future investigation.

中文翻译：

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污名化是有精神健康问题的军事人员寻求医疗服务的障碍。

遇到精神健康问题的军事人员中约有60％不寻求帮助，但其中许多人可以从专业治疗中受益。在整个军事研究中，对精神健康问题寻求帮助的最常报告的障碍之一是对耻辱感的担忧。然而，尚不清楚污名如何影响精神卫生服务的利用。这篇综述将综合关于污名的现有研究，重点是那些有精神健康问题的军人。我们对2001年至2014年间的研究进行了系统的回顾和荟萃分析，以研究耻辱感在寻求心理健康问题寻求帮助方面的普遍性及其与寻求帮助的意图/心理健康服务的利用之间的关系。符合搜索标准的论文有20篇。“我的单位领导对我的待遇可能有所不同”，这两个最受认可的污名担忧的加权患病率估计分别为44.2％（95％置信区间：37.1、51.4）和“我愿意”对异的42.9％（95％置信区间：36.8、49.0）被视为弱者。” 九项研究发现预期的污名和寻求帮助的意图/心理健康服务的使用之间没有关联，而四项研究发现了正关联。一项研究发现，自我耻辱感和寻求帮助的意愿之间存在负相关关系。违反直觉的是，那些认可很高的污名化的人仍然使用精神卫生服务或对寻求帮助感兴趣。我们建议，这些发现可能与耻辱测量中的意向行为差距或方法论问题有关。正关联可能会受到修改后的标签理论的影响。