In animal cells, cytokinesis requires the formation of a cleavage furrow that divides the cell into two daughter cells. Furrow formation is achieved by constriction of an actomyosin ring that invaginates the plasma membrane. However, fungal cells contain a rigid extracellular cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane; thus, fungal cytokinesis also requires the formation of a special septum wall structure between the dividing cells. The septum biosynthesis must be strictly coordinated with the deposition of new plasma membrane material and actomyosin ring closure and must occur in such a way that no breach in the cell wall occurs at any time. Because of the high turgor pressure in the fungal cell, even a minor local defect might lead to cell lysis and death. Here we review our knowledge of the septum structure in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and of the recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between septum biosynthesis and actomyosin ring constriction and how the two collaborate to build a cross-walled septum able to support the high turgor pressure of the cell. In addition, we discuss the importance of the septum biosynthesis for the steady ingression of the cleavage furrow.

中文翻译：

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裂变酵母分离的细胞生物学。

在动物细胞中，胞质分裂需要形成分裂沟，将细胞分为两个子细胞。通过收缩侵入质膜的放线菌素环来实现沟的形成。但是，真菌细胞在质膜周围包含一个刚性的细胞外细胞壁。因此，真菌胞质分裂还需要在分裂细胞之间形成特殊的隔膜壁结构。隔垫的生物合成必须与新质膜材料的沉积和肌动球蛋白环的闭合严格协调，并且必须以任何时间都不会破坏细胞壁的方式发生。由于真菌细胞中的高膨胀压力，即使是很小的局部缺陷也可能导致细胞溶解和死亡。在这里，我们回顾我们对裂殖酵母裂殖酵母中的隔膜结构的了解，以及我们对隔膜生物合成与放线菌素环收缩之间关系的理解以及两者如何合作构建能够支持高脂蛋白的跨壁隔膜的最新进展的知识。细胞的膨胀压力。此外，我们讨论了隔膜生物合成对于卵裂沟稳定进入的重要性。