Globally, as a leading agent of acute respiratory tract infections in children <5 years of age and the elderly, the human metapneumovirus (HMPV) has gained considerable attention. As inferred from studies comparing vaccinated and experimentally infected mice, the acquired immune response elicited by this pathogen fails to efficiently clear the virus from the airways, which leads to an exaggerated inflammatory response and lung damage. Furthermore, after disease resolution, there is a poor development of T and B cell immunological memory, which is believed to promote reinfections and viral spread in the community. In this article, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that shape the interactions of HMPV with host tissues that lead to pulmonary pathology and to the development of adaptive immunity that fails to protect against natural infections by this virus.

中文翻译：

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人间质肺炎病毒对宿主免疫力的调节。

在全球范围内，作为5岁以下儿童和老年人急性呼吸道感染的主要诱因，人类偏肺病毒（HMPV）得到了相当大的关注。从比较接种疫苗和实验感染小鼠的研究中可以推断，这种病原体引起的获得性免疫反应无法有效地从呼吸道清除病毒，从而导致炎症反应过度和肺部损伤。此外，在疾病解决之后，T细胞和B细胞免疫记忆的发育较差，据信这会促进社区中的再感染和病毒传播。在本文中，