Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a breakdown product of several hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), regulated under the Montreal Protocol (MP), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) used mainly as refrigerants. Trifluoroacetic acid is (1) produced naturally and synthetically, (2) used in the chemical industry, and (3) a potential environmental breakdown product of a large number (>1 million) chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and polymers. The contribution of these chemicals to global amounts of TFA is uncertain, in contrast to that from HCFC and HFC regulated under the MP. TFA salts are stable in the environment and accumulate in terminal sinks such as playas, salt lakes, and oceans, where the only process for loss of water is evaporation. Total contribution to existing amounts of TFA in the oceans as a result of the continued use of HCFCs, HFCs, and hydrofluoroolefines (HFOs) up to 2050 is estimated to be a small fraction (<7.5%) of the approximately 0.2 μg acid equivalents/L estimated to be present at the start of the millennium. As an acid or as a salt TFA is low to moderately toxic to a range of organisms. Based on current projections of future use of HCFCs and HFCs, the amount of TFA formed in the troposphere from substances regulated under the MP is too small to be a risk to the health of humans and environment. However, the formation of TFA derived from degradation of HCFC and HFC warrants continued attention, in part because of a long environmental lifetime and due many other potential but highly uncertain sources.

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三氟乙酸及其盐的来源，命运，毒性和风险：与《蒙特利尔议定书》和《京都议定书》所管制物质的相关性。

三氟乙酸（TFA）是受《蒙特利尔议定书》（MP）管制的几种氢氯氟烃（HCFC）和主要用作制冷剂的氢氟烃（HFC）的分解产物。三氟乙酸是（1）天然和合成产生的，（2）用于化学工业，和（3）潜在的环境分解产物，是许多（> 100万）化学药品的合成物，包括药品，农药和聚合物。与《议定书》规定的氟氯烃和氢氟碳化合物的贡献相反，这些化学物质对全球TFA的贡献尚不确定。TFA盐在环境中稳定，并积累在诸如水池，盐湖和海洋等终端汇中，其中唯一的失水过程是蒸发。由于继续使用氟氯烃，对海洋中现有TFA总量的总贡献，估计到2050年，氢氟碳化合物和氢氟烯烃（HFO）占千年之初估计的约0.2μg酸当量/ L的一小部分（<7.5％）。作为酸或盐，TFA对多种生物的毒性低至中度。根据目前对未来使用HCFC和HFC的预测，对流层中由MP管制的物质形成的TFA含量太小，不会对人类和环境造成健康威胁。然而，源自HCFC和HFC降解的TFA的形成仍需继续关注，部分原因是环境寿命长以及许多其他潜在但高度不确定的来源。千年开始时估计存在2μg酸当量/ L。作为酸或盐，TFA对多种生物的毒性低至中度。根据目前对未来使用氟氯烃和氢氟碳化合物的预测，对流层中由MP管制的物质形成的TFA量太小，不会对人类和环境造成健康威胁。但是，源自HCFC和HFC降解的TFA的形成仍需继续关注，部分原因是环境寿命长以及许多其他潜在但高度不确定的来源。千年开始时估计存在2μg酸当量/ L。作为酸或盐，TFA对多种生物的毒性低至中度。根据目前对未来使用HCFC和HFC的预测，对流层中由MP管制的物质形成的TFA含量太小，不会对人类和环境造成健康威胁。然而，源自HCFC和HFC降解的TFA的形成仍需继续关注，部分原因是环境寿命长以及许多其他潜在但高度不确定的来源。在MP规定的对流层中，对流层中形成的TFA的量太少，不会对人类和环境的健康构成威胁。但是，源自HCFC和HFC降解的TFA的形成仍需继续关注，部分原因是环境寿命长以及许多其他潜在但高度不确定的来源。MP规定的对流层中对流层形成的TFA的量太少，不会对人类和环境的健康构成威胁。但是，源自HCFC和HFC降解的TFA的形成仍需继续关注，部分原因是环境寿命长以及许多其他潜在但高度不确定的来源。