Abstract Glycosylation of biomolecules is one of the most prevalent post- and co-translational modification in a human body, with more than half of all human proteins being glycosylated. Malignant transformation of cells influences glycosylation machinery resulting in subtle changes of the glycosylation pattern within the cell populations as a result of cancer. Thus, an altered terminal glycan motif on glycoproteins could provide a warning signal about disease development and progression and could be applied as a reliable biomarker in cancer diagnostics. Among all highly effective glycoprofiling tools, label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based biosensors have emerged as especially suitable tool for point-of-care early-stage cancer detection. Herein, we highlight the current challenges in glycoprofiling of various cancer biomarkers by ultrasensitive impedimetric-based biosensors with low sample consumption, low cost fabrication and simple miniaturization. Additionally, this review provides a short introduction to the field of glycomics and lectinomics and gives a brief overview of glycan alterations in different types of cancer. Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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癌症生物标志物的糖谱分析：基于无标记电化学凝集素的生物传感器


摘要 生物分子的糖基化是人体内最普遍的翻译后和共翻译修饰之一，超过一半的人类蛋白质被糖基化。细胞的恶性转化影响糖基化机制，导致细胞群内糖基化模式因癌症而发生微妙的变化。因此，糖蛋白上改变的末端聚糖基序可以提供有关疾病发生和进展的警告信号，并且可以用作癌症诊断中的可靠生物标志物。在所有高效的糖谱分析工具中，基于无标记电化学阻抗谱 (EIS) 的生物传感器已成为特别适合床旁早期癌症检测的工具。在此，我们强调了当前通过具有低样品消耗、低成本制造和简单小型化的超灵敏阻抗生物传感器对各种癌症生物标志物进行糖谱分析的挑战。此外，这篇综述还对糖组学和凝集素组学领域进行了简短介绍，并简要概述了不同类型癌症中的聚糖变化。图解摘要