Adaptive optics (AO) has become an indispensable tool at ground-based solar telescopes. AO enables the ground-based observer to overcome the adverse effects of atmospheric seeing and obtain diffraction limited observations. Over the last decade adaptive optics systems have been deployed at major ground-based solar telescopes and revitalized ground-based solar astronomy. The relatively small aperture of solar telescopes and the bright source make solar AO possible for visible wavelengths where the majority of solar observations are still performed. Solar AO systems enable diffraction limited observations of the Sun for a significant fraction of the available observing time at ground-based solar telescopes, which often have a larger aperture than equivalent space based observatories, such as HINODE. New ground breaking scientific results have been achieved with solar adaptive optics and this trend continues. New large aperture telescopes are currently being deployed or are under construction. With the aid of solar AO these telescopes will obtain observations of the highly structured and dynamic solar atmosphere with unprecedented resolution. This paper reviews solar adaptive optics techniques and summarizes the recent progress in the field of solar adaptive optics. An outlook to future solar AO developments, including a discussion of Multi-Conjugate AO (MCAO) and Ground-Layer AO (GLAO) will be given.

中文翻译：

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 太阳能自适应光学器件。


自适应光学（AO）已成为地面太阳望远镜不可或缺的工具。 AO 使地面观测者能够克服大气视宁度的不利影响并获得衍射受限的观测结果。在过去的十年中，自适应光学系统已被部署在主要的地面太阳望远镜上，并振兴了地面太阳天文学。太阳望远镜的相对较小的孔径和明亮的光源使得太阳 AO 可以在可见光波长范围内进行，而大多数太阳观测仍然在该波长范围内进行。太阳能 AO 系统能够在地面太阳望远镜可用观测时间的很大一部分时间内对太阳进行衍射受限观测，这些望远镜通常比同等的天基观测站（例如 HINODE）具有更大的孔径。太阳能自适应光学已经取得了新的突破性科学成果，并且这一趋势仍在继续。新的大口径望远镜目前正在部署或正在建造中。借助太阳AO，这些望远镜将以前所未有的分辨率对高度结构化和动态的太阳大气进行观测。本文回顾了太阳自适应光学技术，总结了太阳自适应光学领域的最新进展。对未来太阳能 AO 发展的展望，包括对多重共轭 AO (MCAO) 和底层 AO (GLAO) 的讨论。