Dientamoeba fragilis is a protozoan parasite of the human bowel, commonly reported throughout the world in association with gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite its initial discovery over 100 years ago, arguably, we know less about this peculiar organism than any other pathogenic or potentially pathogenic protozoan that infects humans. The details of its life cycle and mode of transmission are not completely known, and its potential as a human pathogen is debated within the scientific community. Recently, several major advances have been made with respect to this organism's life cycle and molecular biology. While many questions remain unanswered, these and other recent advances have given rise to some intriguing new leads, which will pave the way for future research. This review encompasses a large body of knowledge generated on various aspects of D. fragilis over the last century, together with an update on the most recent developments. This includes an update on the latest diagnostic techniques and treatments, the clinical aspects of dientamoebiasis, the development of an animal model, the description of a D. fragilis cyst stage, and the sequencing of the first D. fragilis transcriptome.

中文翻译：

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脆弱的Dientamoeba，人类肠道的被忽略的滴虫。

脆弱龙眼病是人类肠道的原生动物寄生虫，全世界普遍报道它与胃肠道症状有关。尽管有100多年的最初发现，可以说，我们对这种特殊生物的了解要比感染人类的​​任何其他病原性或潜在病原性原生动物少。其生命周期和传播方式的细节尚不完全清楚，其作为人类病原体的潜力在科学界内受到了争论。近来，关于该生物的生命周期和分子生物学已经取得了一些重大进展。尽管许多问题仍未解决，但这些和其他最近的进展已经产生了一些有趣的新线索，这将为将来的研究铺平道路。这篇综述涵盖了上个世纪有关脆弱类固醇菌的各个方面的大量知识，以及有关最新动态的最新信息。其中包括最新诊断技术和治疗方法的更新，双鞭毛虫病的临床方面，动物模型的开发，脆弱性衣原体囊肿阶段的描述以及第一个脆弱性衣原体转录组的测序。