Membrane proteins mediate many critical functions in cells. Determining their three-dimensional structures in the native lipid environment has been one of the main objectives in structural biology. There are two major NMR methodologies that allow this objective to be accomplished. Oriented sample NMR, which can be applied to membrane proteins that are uniformly aligned in the magnetic field, has been successful in determining the backbone structures of a handful of membrane proteins. Owing to methodological and technological developments, Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy has emerged as another major technique for the complete characterization of the structure and dynamics of membrane proteins. First developed on peptides and small microcrystalline proteins, MAS ssNMR has recently been successfully applied to large membrane proteins. In this review we describe recent progress in MAS ssNMR methodologies, which are now available for studies of membrane protein structure determination, and outline a few examples, which highlight the broad capability of ssNMR spectroscopy.

中文翻译：

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膜蛋白魔角旋转固态核磁共振研究进展

膜蛋白介导细胞中的许多关键功能。确定它们在天然脂质环境中的三维结构一直是结构生物学的主要目标之一。有两种主要的 NMR 方法可以实现这一目标。定向样品 NMR 可应用于在磁场中均匀排列的膜蛋白，已成功确定少数膜蛋白的骨架结构。由于方法和技术的发展，魔角旋转 (MAS) 固态核磁共振 (ssNMR) 光谱已成为完整表征膜蛋白结构和动力学的另一项主要技术。首先开发肽和小微晶蛋白，MAS ssNMR 最近已成功应用于大膜蛋白。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 MAS ssNMR 方法学的最新进展，这些方法现在可用于膜蛋白结构测定的研究，并概述了一些例子，它们突出了 ssNMR 光谱的广泛能力。