After birth, adequate lung function is necessary for the successful adaptation of a preterm baby. Both prenatal and postnatal insults and therapeutic interventions have an immediate effect on lung function and gas exchange but also interfere with fetal and neonatal lung development. Prenatal insults like chorioamnionitis and prenatal interventions like maternal glucocorticosteroids interact but might also determine the preterm baby’s lung response to postnatal interventions (“second hit”) like supplementation of oxygen and drug therapy. We review current experimental and clinical findings on the influence of different perinatal factors on preterm lung development and discuss how well-established interventions in neonatal care might be adapted to attenuate postnatal lung injury.

中文翻译：

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早产肺能从围产期压力中恢复吗？

出生后，足够的肺功能对于早产儿的成功适应是必要的。产前和产后的侮辱和治疗干预都会对肺功能和气体交换产生直接影响，但也会干扰胎儿和新生儿的肺发育。绒毛膜羊膜炎等产前损伤和母体糖皮质激素等产前干预相互作用，但也可能决定早产儿对产后干预（“第二次打击”）（如补充氧气和药物治疗）的肺部反应。我们回顾了当前关于不同围产期因素对早产肺发育影响的实验和临床发现，并讨论了如何适应新生儿护理中完善的干预措施以减轻产后肺损伤。