The goal congruity perspective provides a theoretical framework to understand how motivational processes influence and are influenced by social roles. In particular, we invoke this framework to understand communal goal processes as proximal motivators of decisions to engage in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). STEM fields are not perceived as affording communal opportunities to work with or help others, and understanding these perceived goal affordances can inform knowledge about differences between (a) STEM and other career pathways and (b) women's and men's choices. We review the patterning of gender disparities in STEM that leads to a focus on communal goal congruity (Part I), provide evidence for the foundational logic of the perspective (Part II), and explore the implications for research and policy (Part III). Understanding and transmitting the opportunities for communal goal pursuit within STEM can reap widespread benefits for broadening and deepening participation.

中文翻译：

---

角色进入，参与和退出的目标一致性模型：了解STEM性别差距中的共同目标过程。

目标一致性视角提供了一个理论框架，以了解激励过程如何影响社会角色以及如何受到社会角色的影响。特别是，我们调用此框架来将公共目标过程理解为参与科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）决策的近端动机。STEM领域不被视为提供与他人合作或帮助他人的公共机会，并且理解这些感知到的目标能力可以了解有关（a）STEM与其他职业途径以及（b）妇女和男子选择之间的差异的知识。我们回顾了STEM中性别差异的模式，该模式导致对公共目标一致性的关注（第一部分），为该观点的基本逻辑提供了证据（第二部分），并探讨了对研究和政策的意义（第三部分）。