Here, we review our current knowledge on the etiology and treatment of port-wine stain (PWS) birthmarks. Current treatment options have significant limitations in terms of efficacy. With the combination of 1) a suitable preclinical microvascular model, 2) laser speckle imaging (LSI) to evaluate blood-flow dynamics, and 3) a longitudinal experimental design, rapid preclinical assessment of new phototherapies can be translated from the lab to the clinic. The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and pulsed-dye laser (PDL) irradiation achieves a synergistic effect that reduces the required radiant exposures of the individual phototherapies to achieve persistent vascular shutdown. PDL combined with antiangiogenic agents is a promising strategy to achieve persistent vascular shutdown by preventing reformation and reperfusion of photocoagulated blood vessels. Integration of LSI into the clinical workflow may lead to surgical image guidance that maximizes acute photocoagulation, which is expected to improve PWS therapeutic outcome. Continued integration of noninvasive optical imaging technologies and biochemical analysis collectively are expected to lead to more robust treatment strategies.

中文翻译：

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激光散斑成像在葡萄酒色斑研究中的作用：最新进展和机遇

在这里，我们回顾了我们目前对葡萄酒色斑 (PWS) 胎记的病因和治疗的了解。目前的治疗选择在疗效方面有很大的局限性。结合 1) 合适的临床前微血管模型，2) 激光散斑成像 (LSI) 来评估血流动力学，以及 3) 纵向实验设计，可以将新光疗法的快速临床前评估从实验室转化为临床. 光动力疗法 (PDT) 和脉冲染料激光 (PDL) 照射的组合实现了协同效应，减少了单个光疗法所需的辐射暴露，以实现持续的血管关闭。PDL 联合抗血管生成剂是通过防止光凝血管的再灌注和再灌注来实现持续血管关闭的有希望的策略。将 LSI 集成到临床工作流程中可能会导致手术图像引导，最大限度地提高急性光凝，这有望改善 PWS 治疗结果。无创光学成像技术和生化分析的持续整合有望带来更强大的治疗策略。