Calcineurin signaling plays diverse roles in fungi in regulating stress responses, morphogenesis and pathogenesis. Although calcineurin signaling is conserved among fungi, recent studies indicate important divergences in calcineurin-dependent cellular functions among different human fungal pathogens. Fungal pathogens utilize the calcineurin pathway to effectively survive the host environment and cause life-threatening infections. The immunosuppressive calcineurin inhibitors (FK506 and cyclosporine A) are active against fungi, making targeting calcineurin a promising antifungal drug development strategy. Here we summarize current knowledge on calcineurin in yeasts and filamentous fungi, and review the importance of understanding fungal-specific attributes of calcineurin to decipher fungal pathogenesis and develop novel antifungal therapeutic approaches.

钙调神经磷酸酶信号传导在真菌中在调节应激反应，形态发生和发病机理中起着不同的作用。尽管钙调神经磷酸酶信号在真菌中是保守的，但最近的研究表明，在不同的人类真菌病原体之间，钙调神经磷酸酶依赖性细胞功能存在重要差异。真菌病原体利用钙调神经磷酸酶途径在宿主环境中有效存活并引起威胁生命的感染。免疫抑制钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂（FK506和环孢霉素A）对真菌具有活性，使靶向钙调神经磷酸酶成为一种有前途的抗真菌药物开发策略。在这里，我们总结了有关酵母和丝状真菌中钙调神经磷酸酶的最新知识，