The interferon system protects mammals against virus infections. There are several types of interferons, which are characterized by their ability to inhibit virus replication and resultant pathogenesis by triggering both innate and cell-mediated immune responses. Virus infection is sensed by a variety of cellular pattern-recognition receptors and triggers the synthesis of interferons, which are secreted by the infected cells. In uninfected cells, cell surface receptors recognize the secreted interferons and activate intracellular signaling pathways that induce the expression of interferon-stimulated genes; the proteins encoded by these genes inhibit different stages of virus replication. To avoid extinction, almost all viruses have evolved mechanisms to defend themselves against the interferon system. Consequently, a dynamic equilibrium of survival is established between the virus and its host, an equilibrium that can be shifted to the host's favor by the use of exogenous interferon as a therapeutic antiviral agent.

中文翻译：

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病毒和干扰素之间没有爱。

干扰素系统保护哺乳动物免受病毒感染。有几种类型的干扰素，其特点是它们能够通过触发先天和细胞介导的免疫反应来抑制病毒复制和由此产生的发病机制。病毒感染由多种细胞模式识别受体感知并触发干扰素的合成，干扰素由受感染的细胞分泌。在未感染的细胞中，细胞表面受体识别分泌的干扰素并激活诱导干扰素刺激基因表达的细胞内信号通路；这些基因编码的蛋白质抑制病毒复制的不同阶段。为了避免灭绝，几乎所有的病毒都进化出了防御干扰素系统的机制。最后，