Emergence of insect-transmitted plant viruses over the past 10-20 years has been disproportionately driven by two so-called supervectors: the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and the Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. High rates of reproduction and dispersal, extreme polyphagy, and development of insecticide resistance, together with human activities, have made these insects global pests. These supervectors transmit a diversity of plant viruses by different mechanisms and mediate virus emergence through local evolution, host shifts, mixed infections, and global spread. Associated virus evolution involves reassortment, recombination, and component capture. Emergence of B. tabaci-transmitted geminiviruses (begomoviruses), ipomoviruses, and torradoviruses has led to global disease outbreaks as well as multiple paradigm shifts. Similarly, F. occidentalis has mediated tospovirus host shifts and global dissemination and the emergence of pollen-transmitted ilarviruses. The plant virus-supervector interaction offers exciting opportunities for basic research and global implementation of generalized disease management strategies to reduce economic and environmental impacts.

中文翻译：

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昆虫超载体烟粉虱和西方富兰克氏菌在植物病毒的出现和全球传播中的作用。

在过去的10至20年中，昆虫传播的植物病毒的出现受到两个所谓的超级媒介的过度驱动：粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）和西方花蓟马（Frankliniella occidentalis）。很高的繁殖和传播速度，极端的多相性和对杀虫剂的抵抗力以及人类活动的发展，使这些昆虫成为全球害虫。这些超级载体通过不同的机制传播多种植物病毒，并通过局部进化，宿主转移，混合感染和全球传播来介导病毒的出现。相关病毒的进化涉及重组，重组和组分捕获。烟粉虱传播的双生病毒（begomoviruses），ipomoviruses和torradoviruses的出现导致了全球疾病暴发以及多种模式的转变。同样，F。西方动物已经介导了痘病毒宿主的转移和全球传播以及花粉传播的伊拉病毒的出现。植物病毒与超载体的相互作用为基础研究和全球疾病预防策略的全球实施提供了令人振奋的机会，以减少经济和环境影响。