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Ketamine use among regular tobacco and alcohol users as revealed by respondent-driven sampling in Taipei: Prevalence, expectancy, and users' risky decision making
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2013-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2013.09.044
Wei J. Chen , Te-Tien Ting , Chao-Ming Chang , Ying-Chun Liu , Chuan-Yu Chen

The popularity of ketamine for recreational use among young people began to increase, particularly in Asia, in 2000. To gain more knowledge about the use of ketamine among high risk individuals, a respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was implemented among regular alcohol and tobacco users in the Taipei metropolitan area from 2007 to 2010. The sampling was initiated in three different settings (i.e., two in the community and one in a clinic) to recruit seed individuals. Each participant was asked to refer one to five friends known to be regular tobacco smokers and alcohol drinkers to participate in the present study. Incentives were offered differentially upon the completion of an interview and successful referral. Information pertaining to drug use experience was collected by an audio computer-assisted self-interview instrument. Software built for RDS analyses was used for data analyses. Of the 1,115 subjects recruited, about 11.7% of the RDS respondents reported ever having used ketamine. Positive expectancy of ketamine use was positively associated with ketamine use; in contrast, negative expectancy inversely associated with ketamine use. Decision-making characteristics as measured on the Iowa Gambling Task using reinforcement learning models revealed that ketamine users learned less from the most recent event than both tobacco- and drug-naïve controls and regular tobacco and alcohol users. These findings about ketamine use among young people have implications for its prevention and intervention.

中文翻译:

台北受访者驱动抽样揭示的常规烟草和酒精使用者中的氯胺酮使用情况:流行率、预期和使用者的风险决策

2000 年,用于娱乐用途的氯胺酮在年轻人中的流行度开始增加,尤其是在亚洲。为了更多地了解高危人群中氯胺酮的使用情况,在常规酒精和烟草中实施了受访者驱动抽样 (RDS) 2007 年至 2010 年台北市区的用户。抽样是在三种不同的环境中启动的(即两个在社区,一个在诊所)以招募种子个体。每个参与者被要求推荐一到五个已知经常吸烟和饮酒的朋友参加本研究。在完成面试和成功推荐后,会提供不同的奖励。与吸毒经历有关的信息是通过音频计算机辅助自访仪器收集的。为 RDS 分析构建的软件用于数据分析。在招募的 1,115 名受试者中,约有 11.7% 的 RDS 受访者报告曾使用过氯胺酮。使用氯胺酮的积极预期与使用氯胺酮呈正相关;相反,负期望与氯胺酮的使用呈负相关。使用强化学习模型在爱荷华州赌博任务中测量的决策特征表明,氯胺酮使用者从最近的事件中学到的东西比未使用烟草和药物的对照以及经常使用烟草和酒精的使用者少。这些关于年轻人使用氯胺酮的发现对其预防和干预有影响。使用氯胺酮的积极预期与使用氯胺酮呈正相关;相反,负期望与氯胺酮的使用呈负相关。使用强化学习模型在爱荷华州赌博任务中测量的决策特征表明,与未接触烟草和吸毒的控制者以及常规烟草和酒精使用者相比,氯胺酮使用者从最近的事件中学到的东西更少。这些关于年轻人使用氯胺酮的发现对其预防和干预有影响。使用氯胺酮的积极预期与使用氯胺酮呈正相关;相反,负期望与氯胺酮的使用呈负相关。使用强化学习模型在爱荷华州赌博任务中测量的决策特征表明,与未接触烟草和吸毒的控制者以及常规烟草和酒精使用者相比,氯胺酮使用者从最近的事件中学到的东西更少。这些关于年轻人使用氯胺酮的发现对其预防和干预有影响。使用强化学习模型在爱荷华州赌博任务中测量的决策特征表明,与未接触烟草和吸毒的控制者以及常规烟草和酒精使用者相比,氯胺酮使用者从最近的事件中学到的东西更少。这些关于年轻人使用氯胺酮的发现对其预防和干预有影响。使用强化学习模型在爱荷华州赌博任务中测量的决策特征表明,氯胺酮使用者从最近的事件中学到的东西比未使用烟草和药物的对照以及经常使用烟草和酒精的使用者少。这些关于年轻人使用氯胺酮的发现对其预防和干预有影响。
更新日期:2013-12-01
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