Methanogens, a key contributor in global carbon cycling, methane emission, and alternative energy production, generate methane gas via anaerobic digestion of organic matter. The methane emission potential depends upon methanogenic diversity and activity. Since they are anaerobes and difficult to isolate and culture, their diversity present in the landfill sites of Delhi and marshlands of Southern Assam, India, was analyzed using molecular techniques like 16S rDNA sequencing, DGGE, and qPCR. The sequencing results indicated the presence of methanogens belonging to the seventh order and also the order Methanomicrobiales in the Ghazipur and Bhalsawa landfill sites of Delhi. Sequences, related to the phyla Crenarchaeota (thermophilic) and Thaumarchaeota (mesophilic), were detected from marshland sites of Southern Assam, India. Jaccard analysis of DGGE gel using Gel2K showed three main clusters depending on the number and similarity of band patterns. The copy number analysis of hydrogenotrophic methanogens using qPCR indicates higher abundance in landfill sites of Delhi as compared to the marshlands of Southern Assam. The knowledge about “methanogenic archaea composition” and “abundance” in the contrasting ecosystems like “landfill” and “marshland” may reorient our understanding of the Archaea inhabitants. This study could shed light on the relationship between methane-dynamics and the global warming process.

中文翻译：

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靶向16S rDNA序列的垃圾填埋场和沼泽地中产甲烷菌丰富性的分子分析。

甲烷甲烷是全球碳循环，甲烷排放和替代能源生产的主要贡献者，它通过厌氧消化有机物产生甲烷气体。甲烷的排放潜力取决于产甲烷的多样性和活性。由于它们是厌氧菌并且难以分离和培养，因此使用16S rDNA测序，DGGE和qPCR等分子技术分析了它们在印度德里和印度南部阿萨姆邦沼泽地的垃圾掩埋场中存在的多样性。测序结果表明，在德里的Ghazipur和Bhalsawa垃圾填埋场中存在属于第七级的甲烷菌，也有属于甲烷菌的甲烷菌。从印度阿萨姆邦南部的沼泽地中发现了与Crenarchaeota门（嗜温）和Thaumarchaeota门（嗜温）有关的序列。使用Gel2K对DGGE凝胶进行的Jaccard分析显示，根据条带图的数量和相似性，显示了三个主要簇。使用qPCR对氢营养型产甲烷菌的拷贝数分析表明，与南部阿萨姆邦的沼泽地相比，德里的垃圾填埋场的丰度更高。在诸如“垃圾填埋场”和“沼泽地”之类的对比生态系统中，有关“甲烷致生古细菌组成”和“丰度”的知识可能会重新定位我们对古细菌居民的理解。这项研究可以揭示甲烷动力学与全球变暖过程之间的关系。使用qPCR对氢营养型产甲烷菌的拷贝数分析表明，与南部阿萨姆邦的沼泽地相比，德里的垃圾填埋场的丰度更高。在诸如“垃圾填埋场”和“沼泽地”之类的对比生态系统中，有关“甲烷致生古细菌组成”和“丰度”的知识可能会重新定位我们对古细菌居民的理解。这项研究可以揭示甲烷动力学与全球变暖过程之间的关系。使用qPCR对氢营养型产甲烷菌的拷贝数分析表明，与南部阿萨姆邦的沼泽地相比，德里的垃圾填埋场的丰度更高。在诸如“垃圾填埋场”和“沼泽地”之类的对比生态系统中，有关“甲烷致生古细菌组成”和“丰度”的知识可能会重新定位我们对古细菌居民的理解。这项研究可以揭示甲烷动力学与全球变暖过程之间的关系。