Sleep is an important physiological state for children and adults to consolidate and generalize new learning. In this article, we review research on sleep‐dependent memory consolidation and generalization in infants and preschool children, and place the findings in the context of the development of the neural systems underlying memory (the hippocampus and its connections to the cortex). Based on the extended trajectory of hippocampal development, transitions in the nature of sleep‐dependent learning are expected. The studies we review show that the nature of sleep‐dependent learning changes across early childhood, with sleep facilitating generalization in infants but enhancing precise memory in children 18–24 months and older. Looking ahead, studies on sleep‐dependent learning in infants and young children must consider these transitions in early brain development.

中文翻译：

---

睡眠是早期神经发育的窗口：整个儿童早期依赖睡眠的学习效果发生了变化。

睡眠是儿童和成人巩固和普及新学习的重要生理状态。在本文中，我们回顾了婴儿和学龄前儿童与睡眠有关的记忆巩固和泛化的研究，并将研究结果置于记忆基础（海马及其与皮层的连接）神经系统发育的背景下。基于海马体发育的扩展轨迹，预期依赖于睡眠的学习方式将发生转变。我们审查的研究表明，依赖睡眠的学习的性质在整个幼儿期就发生了变化，睡眠促进了婴儿的泛化，但增强了18-24个月及24岁以上儿童的精确记忆。展望未来，