Childhood obesity and incidence of asthma are increasing globally. The parallel increase of the two suggests that obesity and asthma may be related and that abnormalities in the lipid and/or glucose metabolism may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. The clinical presentation of obese asthma is distinct from other asthma phenotypes and depending on age of onset of symptoms. Asthma in obese people tends to be more severe, not typically associated with allergy, and less responsive to standard anti-inflammatory therapy, including corticosteroids. Obesity and obesity-related comorbidities may lead to asthma via a number of mechanisms including changes in lung mechanics, the nitric oxide metabolism, and by causing inflammation. Furthermore, evidence suggests that nutrition during pregnancy contributes to intrauterine immune and metabolic programming in the offspring, which may have major influences on predisposition to cardiovascular, metabolic, and allergic diseases, including asthma, later in life. This review will highlight some suggested mechanistic links between obesity and diabetes with asthma.

中文翻译：

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儿童哮喘的代谢起源

儿童肥胖症和哮喘发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。两者的平行增加表明肥胖和哮喘可能相关，并且脂质和/或葡萄糖代谢的异常可能有助于哮喘的发病机制。肥胖哮喘的临床表现不同于其他哮喘表型，并且取决于症状出现的年龄。肥胖人群的哮喘往往更严重，通常与过敏无关，并且对标准抗炎疗法（包括皮质类固醇）的反应较差。肥胖和肥胖相关的合并症可能通过多种机制导致哮喘，包括肺力学的变化、一氧化氮代谢和引起炎症。此外，有证据表明，怀孕期间的营养有助于后代的宫内免疫和代谢程序，这可能对以后的心血管、代谢和过敏性疾病（包括哮喘）的易感性产生重大影响。本综述将强调肥胖与糖尿病合并哮喘之间的一些建议的机制联系。