Neonatal chronic lung disease in the preterm infant, i.e. bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by impaired pulmonary development with its effects persisting into adulthood. Triggered in the immature lung by infectious complications, oxygen toxicity and the impact of mechanical ventilation, a sustained inflammatory response, extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix, increased apoptosis as well as altered growth factor signaling characterize the disease. The current review focuses on selected pathophysiologic processes and their interplay in disease development. Furthermore, the potential of both, acute and long-term changes to the pulmonary scaffold and the cellular interface in concert with dysregulated growth factor signaling to affect aging and repair processes in the adult lung is discussed.

中文翻译：

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支气管肺发育不良——病理生理学概念概述

早产儿的新生儿慢性肺病，即支气管肺发育不良(BPD) 的特征是肺发育受损，其影响持续到成年期。在未成熟的肺中由感染性并发症、氧毒性和机械通气的影响触发，持续的炎症反应、细胞外基质的广泛重塑、细胞凋亡增加以及生长因子信号传导改变是该疾病的特征。目前的综述侧重于选定的病理生理过程及其在疾病发展中的相互作用。此外，还讨论了肺支架和细胞界面的急性和长期变化与失调的生长因子信号传导影响成人肺衰老和修复过程的潜力。