Left–right (l–r) symmetry breaking and the establishment of asymmetric animal body plan during embryonic development are fundamental questions in nature. The molecular basis of l–r symmetry breaking of snails is a fascinating topic as it is determined by a maternal single handedness-determining locus at a very early developmental stage. This perspective describes the current state of the art of the chiromorphogenesis, mainly based on our own work, i.e. the first step of l–r symmetry breaking, as proven by our “Mechanogenetics”, before the start of zygotic gene expression, transfer of chirality information to the cell-fate determining stage, and the expression of nodal at the blastula stage. The Nodal signalling pathway is a common mechanism in vertebrates’ chiromorphogenesis in later development. Studies on snails, especiallyLymnaea(L.)stagnalis, shall give important insights into the molecular basis of chiromorphogenesis not only in Lophotrochozoa but in vertebrates as well.

中文翻译：

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一个扭曲的故事：一个基因如何扭曲蜗牛？机械遗传学

胚胎发育过程中左右（l-r）对称性破坏和不对称动物身体计划的建立是自然界的基本问题。蜗牛 l-r 对称性破坏的分子基础是一个引人入胜的话题，因为它是由在非常早期的发育阶段的母体单手决定基因座决定的。这个观点描述了手性形成技术的当前状态，主要基于我们自己的工作，即我们的“机械遗传学”证明的 l-r 对称性破坏的第一步，在合子基因表达开始之前，手性转移细胞命运决定阶段的信息，以及囊胚阶段淋巴结的表达。Nodal信号通路是脊椎动物在后期发育过程中手足形态发生的常见机制。对蜗牛的研究，尤其是莲目(大号.)斯塔格纳利斯，不仅在 Lophotrochozoa 中，而且在脊椎动物中，都将对手形发生的分子基础提供重要的见解。