Economic deprivation during childhood adversely affects achievement in adolescence and early adulthood. Economically disadvantaged children tend to achieve less than their more advantaged peers on a variety of measures of educational and socioeconomic achievement. Researchers recognize that what matters for achievement is not merely exposure to economic deprivation during childhood but also the temporal dynamics of deprivation. Recent studies have found that the effects of childhood economic disadvantage on achievement depend on the timing of deprivation (early childhood vs. middle or late childhood), the sequencing of deprivation (whether family income is rising or falling), and the overall duration of exposure to deprivation. In this article, I describe conceptual and methodological advances in understanding the temporal dynamics of childhood economic disadvantage, and address the implications of these improvements for our knowledge of how deprivation affects children's achievement.

中文翻译：

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童年经济剥夺和儿童成就的时间动态。


童年时期的经济匮乏会对青春期和成年早期的成就产生不利影响。在各种教育和社会经济成就衡量标准中，经济弱势儿童的成绩往往低于条件较好的同龄人。研究人员认识到，对成就至关重要的不仅是童年时期遭受的经济匮乏，还包括贫困的时间动态。最近的研究发现，童年经济劣势对成就的影响取决于剥夺的时间（幼儿期与童年中期或晚期）、剥夺的顺序（家庭收入是上升还是下降）以及遭受剥夺的总持续时间到剥夺。在本文中，我描述了理解儿童经济劣势的时间动态的概念和方法上的进步，并讨论了这些进步对我们了解贫困如何影响儿童成就的影响。