Implicit self-esteem (ISE), which is often defined as automatic self-evaluations, fuses research on unconscious processes with that on self-esteem. As ISE is viewed as immune to explicit control, it affords the testing of theoretical questions such as whether cultures vary in self-enhancement motivations. We provide a critical review and integration of the work on (a) the operationalization of ISE and (b) possible cultural variation in self-enhancement motivations. Although ISE measures do not often vary across cultures, recent meta-analyses and empirical studies question the validity of the most common way of defining ISE. We revive an alternative conceptualization that defines ISE in terms of how positively people evaluate objects that reflect upon themselves. This conceptualization suggests that ISE research should target alternative phenomena (e.g., minimal group effect, similarity-attraction effect, endowment effect) and it allows for a host of previous cross-cultural findings to bear on the question of cultural variability in ISE.

中文翻译：

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内隐的自尊是什么，它在不同文化之间是否有所不同？

内隐自尊（ISE）通常被定义为自动自我评估，将对潜意识过程的研究与对自尊的研究相融合。由于ISE被视为不受显式控制的影响，因此它提供了理论问题的检验，例如文化在自我增强动机方面是否有所不同。我们对（a）ISE的运作以及（b）自我提升动机中可能存在的文化差异等方面的工作进行了严格的审查和整合。尽管ISE措施在不同文化之间并不经常变化，但最近的荟萃分析和实证研究对定义ISE最常用方法的有效性提出了质疑。我们重新定义了ISE的另一种概念化方案，即人们如何积极地评估反映自己的物体。