Ownership is a central element of human experience. The present experiments were designed to examine the influence of psychological state on ownership judgments. In three experiments, 4-year-olds were asked to make ownership attributions about owners and non-owners who either desired or did not desire a gift. Despite exhibiting a clear sensitivity to the desires of others, children made accurate ownership attributions independent of individuals' desires. At the same time, there are subtle influences of desires on children's ownership judgments, as well as subtle influences of ownership on children's desire judgments. Thus, the two factors are largely but not wholly distinct in young children's thinking.

中文翻译：

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你不能总是想要你得到的东西：孩子们对所有权和欲望的直觉

所有权是人类体验的核心要素。本实验旨在检验心理状态对所有权判断的影响。在三个实验中，要求 4 岁儿童对想要或不想要礼物的所有者和非所有者进行所有权归属。尽管对他人的欲望表现出明显的敏感性，但儿童仍能独立于个人的欲望做出准确的所有权归属。同时，欲望对孩子的所有权判断有微妙的影响，所有权对孩子的欲望判断也有微妙的影响。因此，在幼儿的思维中，这两个因素在很大程度上但并非完全不同。