In automatic emotional expression analysis, head motion has been considered mostly a nuisance variable, something to control when extracting features for action unit or expression detection. As an initial step toward understanding the contribution of head motion to emotion communication, we investigated the interpersonal coordination of rigid head motion in intimate couples with a history of interpersonal violence. Episodes of conflict and non-conflict were elicited in dyadic interaction tasks and validated using linguistic criteria. Head motion parameters were analyzed using Student's paired t-tests; actor-partner analyses to model mutual influence within couples; and windowed cross-correlation to reveal dynamics of change in direction of influence over time. Partners' RMS angular displacement for yaw and RMS angular velocity for pitch and yaw each demonstrated strong mutual influence between partners. Partners' RMS angular displacement for pitch was higher during conflict. In both conflict and non-conflict, head angular displacement and angular velocity for pitch and yaw were strongly correlated, with frequent shifts in lead-lag relationships. The overall amount of coordination between partners' head movement was more highly correlated during non-conflict compared with conflict interaction. While conflict increased head motion, it served to attenuate interpersonal coordination.

中文翻译：

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困境夫妻头部运动的人际协调

在自动情绪表达分析中，头部运动主要被认为是一个令人讨厌的变量，在为动作单元或表情检测提取特征时需要控制。作为了解头部运动对情感交流的贡献的第一步，我们调查了有人际暴力史的亲密夫妻僵硬头部运动的人际协调。在二元交互任务中引发冲突和非冲突事件，并使用语言标准进行验证。使用学生配对 t 检验分析头部运动参数；演员-伴侣分析以模拟夫妻之间的相互影响；和窗口互相关以揭示影响方向随时间变化的动态。伙伴' 偏航的 RMS 角位移和俯仰和偏航的 RMS 角速度均表现出伙伴之间强烈的相互影响。在冲突期间，伙伴的俯仰 RMS 角位移更高。在冲突和非冲突中，俯仰和偏航的头部角位移和角速度密切相关，超前-滞后关系频繁变化。与冲突互动相比，在非冲突期间合作伙伴头部运动之间的整体协调量更高度相关。虽然冲突会增加头部运动，但它会削弱人际协调。俯仰和偏航的头部角位移和角速度密切相关，超前-滞后关系频繁变化。与冲突互动相比，在非冲突期间合作伙伴头部运动之间的整体协调量更高度相关。虽然冲突会增加头部运动，但它会削弱人际协调。俯仰和偏航的头部角位移和角速度密切相关，超前-滞后关系频繁变化。与冲突互动相比，在非冲突期间合作伙伴头部运动之间的整体协调量更高度相关。虽然冲突会增加头部运动，但它会削弱人际协调。