In order to recognize interactions between alien vascular plants and soil microorganisms and thus better understand the mechanisms of plant invasions, we examined the mycorrhizal status, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization rate, arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) morphology and presence of fungal root endophytes in 37 non-native species in Central Europe. We also studied the AMF diversity and chemical properties of soils from under these species. The plant and soil materials were collected in southern Poland. We found that 35 of the species formed AM and their mycorrhizal status depended on species identity. Thirty-three taxa had AM of Arum-type alone. Lycopersicon esculentum showed intermediate AM morphology and Eragrostis albensis developed both Arum and Paris. The mycelia of dark septate endophytes (DSE) were observed in 32 of the species, while sporangia of Olpidium spp. were found in the roots of 10. Thirteen common and worldwide occurring AMF species as well as three unidentified spore morphotypes were isolated from trap cultures established with the soils from under the plant species. Claroideoglomus claroideum, Funneliformis mosseae and Septoglomus constrictum were found the most frequently. The presence of root-inhabiting fungi and the intensity of their colonization were not correlated with soil chemical properties, plant invasion status, their local abundance and habitat type. No relationships were also found between the presence of AMF, DSE and Olpidium spp. These suggest that other edaphic conditions, plant and fungal species identity or the abundance of these fungi in soils might have an impact on the occurrence and intensity of fungal root colonization in the plants under study.

中文翻译：

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外来植物根部真菌与入侵状态和土壤化学性质的关系。


为了认识外来维管束植物与土壤微生物之间的相互作用，从而更好地了解植物入侵的机制，我们检测了外来维管植物和土壤微生物的菌根状态、丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）定植率、丛枝菌根（AM）形态和真菌根内生真菌的存在。中欧有 37 种非本地物种。我们还研究了这些物种下土壤的 AMF 多样性和化学性质。植物和土壤材料是在波兰南部收集的。我们发现其中 35 个物种形成了 AM，其菌根状态取决于物种特性。 33个类群仅具有海芋型AM。 Lycopersicon esculentum表现出中间的 AM 形态， Eragrostis albensis则发育出Arum和Paris 。在 32 个物种中观察到深色有隔内生菌 (DSE) 菌丝体，而Olpidium spp 的孢子囊。在 10 种植物的根中发现了 13 种常见的和世界范围内存在的 AMF 物种以及三种未鉴定的孢子形态类型，这些孢子形态类型是从植物物种下的土壤中建立的陷阱培养物中分离出来的。最常见的是Claroideoglomus claroideum 、 Funneliformis mosseae和Septoglomus constrictum 。根部真菌的存在及其定殖强度与土壤化学性质、植物入侵状况、当地丰度和栖息地类型无关。 AMF、DSE 和Olpidium spp 的存在之间也没有发现任何关系。 这些表明其他土壤条件、植物和真菌物种特性或土壤中这些真菌的丰度可能对所研究植物中真菌根定殖的发生和强度产生影响。