The mosquito Aedes japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) has spread rapidly through North America since its introduction in the 1990s. The mechanisms underlying its establishment in container communities occupied by competitors Aedes triseriatus and Aedes albopictus are unclear. Possibilities include (A) temporal separation of A. japonicus from other Aedes, (B) oviposition avoidance by A. japonicus of sites containing heterospecific Aedes larvae, and (C) non-additive competitive effects in assemblages of multiple Aedes. Containers sampled throughout the summer in an oak-hickory forest near Eureka, MO showed peak abundance for A. japonicus occurring significantly earlier in the season than either of the other Aedes species. Despite this, A. japonicus co-occurred with one other Aedes species in 53 % of samples when present, and co-occurred with both other Aedes in 18 % of samples. In a field oviposition experiment, A. japonicus laid significantly more eggs in forest edge containers than in forest interior containers, but did not avoid containers with low or high densities of larvae of A. triseriatus, A. albopictus, or both, compared to containers without larvae. Interspecific competitive effects (measured as decrease in the index of performance, λ') of A. triseriatus or A. albopictus alone on A. japonicus larvae were not evident at the densities used, but the effect of both Aedes combined was significantly negative and super-additive of effects of individual interspecific competitors. Thus, neither oviposition avoidance of competitors nor non-additive competitive effects contribute to the invasion success of A. japonicus in North America. Distinct seasonal phenology may reduce competitive interactions with resident Aedes.

中文翻译：

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时间分隔，产卵选择和竞争者的非累加效应对北美伊蚊（Diptera：Culicidae）入侵成功的贡献。

自1990年代问世以来，蚊子伊蚊（Diptera：Culicidae）已在北美迅速传播。在竞争性白纹伊蚊和白纹伊蚊所占据的集装箱社区中建立其基础的机制尚不清楚。可能的情况包括（A）刺槐与其他伊蚊的暂时隔离；（B）刺槐避免含有异种伊蚊幼虫的部位产卵；以及（C）多个伊蚊组合的非累加竞争作用。整个夏季在密苏里州尤里卡附近的橡树林中取样的容器显示出刺参的丰度峰值比本季其他伊蚊都明显早。尽管如此，在53％的样本中，日本血吸虫还是与其他伊蚊共同存在的，并且在18％的样本中与其他两个伊蚊同时出现。在野外产卵实验中，日本刺槐在森林边缘容器中产卵的数量明显多于森林内部容器，但与容器相比，日本避草卵要避免携带低密度或高密度的拟南芥，白术或两者兼而有之的容器。没有幼虫。在所使用的密度下，仅三叶草或白三叶草对日本粳稻幼虫的种间竞争作用（以性能指数的降低，λ'来衡量）不明显，但两种伊蚊的结合作用均显着为负性和超强性。 -个体间竞争者的作用之和。因此，避开竞争对手的产卵和非累加的竞争效应都不会促进日本根瘤菌在北美的入侵成功。