Hydroxyl groups were introduced onto polyurethane surfaces through 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate activation, followed by diethanolamine hydroxylation. Polymethacrylamide was covalently attached to the hydroxylated polyurethane through surface grafting polymerization of methacrylamide using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate as an initiator. After bleach treatment, the amide groups of the covalently bound polymethacrylamide chains were transformed into N-halamines. The new N-halamine-immobilized polyurethane provided a total sacrifice of 107−108 colony forming units per milliliter of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria), Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria), and Candida albicans (fungi) within 10 min and successfully prevented bacterial and fungal biofilm formation. The antimicrobial and biofilm-controlling effects were both durable and rechargeable, pointing to great potentials of the new acyclic N-halamine-immobilized polyurethane for a broad range of related applications.

中文翻译：

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无环 N-卤胺固定化聚氨酯：制备及抗菌和生物膜控制功能

羟基通过 1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯活化引入聚氨酯表面，然后二乙醇胺羟基化。以硝酸铈 (IV) 铵为引发剂，通过甲基丙烯酰胺的表面接枝聚合，聚甲基丙烯酰胺与羟基化聚氨酯共价连接。漂白处理后，共价结合的聚甲基丙烯酰胺链的酰胺基团转化为 N-卤胺。新的 N-卤胺固定聚氨酯在 10 分钟内提供了每毫升金黄色葡萄球菌（革兰氏阳性菌）、大肠杆菌（革兰氏阴性菌）和白色念珠菌（真菌）107-108 个菌落形成单位的总牺牲，并且成功地阻止了细菌和真菌生物膜的形成。