In this article, the syntheses and optical properties of core/shell quantum dot (CdSe/ZnS) and their applications are reviewed. Nevertheless, the main focus is to provide an overview on biological applications of quantum dots that contain imaging, targeting, and sensing. We discuss the different synthetic methods, optical properties (photoluminescence intensity, absorption, and fluorescence spectra), and their dependence on shape, size, and inner structure of quantum dots. Also, the different mechanisms of quantum dots bio-targeting (passive and active mechanisms) are discussed. The impact of quantum dots in bioimaging is reviewed regarding its photoluminescence intensity, absorption and emission spectrum, and photo-stability on high-quality and sensitivity imaging. Further, the difference between near infrared and visible emission quantum dots in deep tissue imaging will be reviewed and some of done works are considered and compared with each other. And finally, the biosensing potential/application of quantum dots in medical diagnosis is going to be highlighted.

中文翻译：

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量子点在癌症中的纳米生物应用：成像，传感和靶向。

本文综述了核/壳量子点（CdSe / ZnS）的合成，光学性质及其应用。尽管如此，主要焦点还是要提供有关量子点在生物学上的应用的概述，这些量子点包含成像，靶向和传感。我们讨论了不同的合成方法，光学性质（光致发光强度，吸收和荧光光谱），以及它们对量子点的形状，大小和内部结构的依赖性。此外，讨论了量子点生物靶向的不同机制（被动和主动机制）。综述了量子点在生物成像中的影响，包括其光致发光强度，吸收和发射光谱以及对高质量和灵敏度成像的光稳定性。进一步，我们将回顾深层组织成像中近红外和可见发射量子点之间的差异，并考虑一些已完成的工作并将其相互比较。最后，将重点介绍量子点的生物传感潜力/在医学诊断中的应用。