Health disparities are rooted in childhood and stem from adverse early environments that damage physiologic stress‐response systems. Developmental psychobiological models of the effects of chronic stress account for both the negative effects of a stress‐response system calibrated to a dangerous and unpredictable environment from a health perspective, and the positive effects of such an adaptively calibrated stress response from a functional perspective. Our research suggests that the contexts that produce functionally adapted physiologic responses to stress also encourage a functionally adapted coping response—coping that can result in maladjustment in physical and mental health, but enables children to grow and develop within those contexts. In this article, I highlight the value of reframing maladaptive coping as functional adaptation to understand more completely the development of children's coping in different contexts, and the value of such a conceptual shift for coping‐based theory, research, and intervention.

中文翻译：

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适应不良应对的发展：对慢性、无法控制的压力的功能性适应。


健康差异根源于童年时期，源于损害生理应激反应系统的不利的早期环境。慢性压力影响的发育心理生物学模型既解释了从健康角度来看针对危险和不可预测的环境进行校准的压力反应系统的负面影响，又从功能角度解释了这种适应性校准的压力反应的积极影响。我们的研究表明，对压力产生功能性适应的生理反应的环境也会鼓励功能性适应的应对反应——这种应对可能会导致身心健康失调，但使儿童能够在这些环境中成长和发展。在本文中，我强调将适应不良的应对重新定义为功能性适应，以更全面地理解儿童在不同背景下应对的发展的价值，以及这种概念转变对于基于应对的理论、研究和干预的价值。