The health effects of short-term exposure to ambient ultrafine particles in micro-environments are still under investigation. Sixty-four individuals with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance recorded ambulatory electrocardiograms over five to six hours on 191 occasions in a panel study in Augsburg, Germany. Personal exposure to particle number concentrations (PNC) was monitored for each individual on 5-minute basis concurrently and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) was acquired from a central monitoring site on an hourly basis. More than 11,000 5-minute intervals were available for heart rate and measures of heart rate variability including SDNN (standard deviation of NN intervals). A concurrent decrease in 5-minute SDNN of −0.56% (95% confidence limits (CI): −1.02%; −0.09%) and a 5-minute delayed increase in heart rate of 0.23 % (95% CI: 0.11%; 0.36%) was observed with an increase in personal PNC of 16,000 per cm3 in additive mixed models. Models evaluating the association of concurrent 5-minute personal PNC and of 1-hour PM2.5 showed independent effects on SDNN. The data suggest that freshly emitted ultrafine particles and aged fine particulate matter are both associated with changes in cardiac function in individuals with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in urban areas.

中文翻译：

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升高的微粒数浓度会引起心率变异性的立即变化：一项针对葡萄糖代谢受损或糖尿病的个体的面板研究。

短期暴露于微环境中的环境超细颗粒对健康的影响仍在研究中。在德国奥格斯堡的一项小组研究中，有191次，有64位2型糖尿病和糖耐量受损的患者在五到六小时内记录了动态心电图。同时在5分钟的基础上对每个人的个人暴露于颗粒数浓度（PNC）进行监测，并每小时从中央监测点获取空气动力学直径<2.5μm（PM2.5）的颗粒物。超过11,000个5分钟间隔可用于心率和测量心率变异性，包括SDNN（NN间隔的标准偏差）。5分钟SDNN同时降低-0.56％（95％置信度（CI）：-1.02％; -0。添加剂混合模型中，个人PNC的增加为每cm3 16,000 / cm3，观察到心跳加快了5分钟（0.2％），心跳延迟了0.23％（95％CI：0.11％； 0.36％）。评估并发5分钟个人PNC和1小时PM2.5关联的模型对SDNN具有独立的影响。数据表明，新鲜散发的超细颗粒和老化的细颗粒物均与2型糖尿病患者的心功能变化以及城市地区的糖耐量降低有关。