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CanTriticum urartu(Poaceae) be identified by pollen analysis? Implications for detecting the ancestor of the extinct two-grained einkorn-like wheat
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2015-01-29 , DOI: 10.1111/boj.12238
Lourdes López-Merino 1 , Suzanne A G Leroy 1 , Sylvi Haldorsen 2 , Manfred Heun 3 , Alan Reynolds 4
Affiliation  

The domestication of the one-grained einkorn (Triticum monococcum) in the Near East is relatively well known. However, an independent two-grained einkorn-like domestication has been archaeobotanically detected and scarce information is available. Triticum urartu, a wild wheat, was not fully described until the 1970s because the phenology does not allow it to be distinguished easily from wild einkorn (Triticum boeoticum subsp. thaoudar), although a genetic separation exists. Both species are mostly two grained and could potentially be the relatives of the extinct two-grained form. Pollen grains of several genetically well-identified wheat species, including T. urartu and T. boeoticum subsp. thaoudar, were studied by measuring the grain diameter and examining the exine sculpturing with phase-contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to gain an insight into differences enabling taxonomic identification. This work showed that, although T. urartu pollen is smaller on average, grain diameter is not sufficient because of the size overlap between the species, but T. urartu presents a different exine sculpturing (scabrate) from other Triticum spp. (aerolate). This outcome is useful for taxonomists and archaeobotanists. First, it will allow a simple re-classification of herbarium materials. Second, further research could establish whether T. urartu was cultivated. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 177, 278–289.

中文翻译:

可以通过花粉分析鉴定Triticum urartu(Poaceae)吗?检测已灭绝的两粒单粒小麦祖先的意义

单粒单粒小麦(Triticum monococcum)在近东的驯化相对众所周知。然而,已经通过古植物学检测到了一种独立的两粒单粒小麦驯化,并且可用的信息很少。Triticum urartu 是一种野生小麦,直到 1970 年代才被完全描述,因为虽然存在遗传分离,但物候学不允许将其与野生单粒小麦(Triticum boeoticum subsp. thaoudar)轻易区分开来。这两个物种大多是两粒的,可能是已灭绝的两粒形式的近亲。几种基因上很好识别的小麦品种的花粉粒,包括 T. urartu 和 T. boeoticum subsp。塔乌达,通过测量晶粒直径和用相差显微镜和扫描电子显微镜检查外壁雕刻来研究差异,以深入了解能够进行分类鉴定的差异。这项工作表明,虽然 T. urartu 花粉平均较小,但由于物种之间的大小重叠,颗粒直径不够,但 T. urartu 呈现出与其他小麦属不同的外壁雕刻(scabrate)。(气化)。这一结果对分类学家和古植物学家很有用。首先,它将允许对标本馆材料进行简单的重新分类。其次,进一步的研究可以确定 T. urartu 是否被栽培。© 2015 伦敦林奈学会,林奈学会植物学杂志,2015, 177, 278–289。这项工作表明,虽然 T. urartu 花粉平均较小,但由于物种之间的大小重叠,颗粒直径不够,但 T. urartu 呈现出与其他小麦属不同的外壁雕刻(scabrate)。(气化)。这一结果对分类学家和古植物学家很有用。首先,它将允许对标本馆材料进行简单的重新分类。其次,进一步的研究可以确定 T. urartu 是否被栽培。© 2015 伦敦林奈学会,林奈学会植物学杂志,2015, 177, 278–289。这项工作表明,虽然 T. urartu 花粉平均较小,但由于物种之间的大小重叠,颗粒直径不够,但 T. urartu 呈现出与其他小麦属不同的外壁雕刻(scabrate)。(气化)。这一结果对分类学家和古植物学家很有用。首先,它将允许对标本馆材料进行简单的重新分类。其次,进一步的研究可以确定 T. urartu 是否被栽培。© 2015 伦敦林奈学会,林奈学会植物学杂志,2015, 177, 278–289。这一结果对分类学家和古植物学家很有用。首先,它将允许对标本馆材料进行简单的重新分类。其次,进一步的研究可以确定 T. urartu 是否被栽培。© 2015 伦敦林奈学会,林奈学会植物学杂志,2015, 177, 278–289。这一结果对分类学家和古植物学家很有用。首先,它将允许对标本馆材料进行简单的重新分类。其次,进一步的研究可以确定 T. urartu 是否被栽培。© 2015 伦敦林奈学会,林奈学会植物学杂志,2015, 177, 278–289。
更新日期:2015-01-29
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