To study the effect of reactor configuration on hydrotreating, a series of experiments was carried out in a pilot plant equipped with two reactors in series that can operate in two modes: a fixed-bed reactor (FBR) or an ebullated-bed reactor (EBR). The experiments were carried out with the atmospheric residue as feedstock and commercial catalysts at a pressure of 100 kg/cm² and temperatures of 380 and 400 °C. The highest conversions were obtained for the EBR–EBR (35.67–52.21%) and EBR–FBR (29.08–53.09%) configurations, unlike the FBR–FBR configuration that exhibited the lowest conversion (15.42–27.34%). At 400 °C, the EBR–FBR and FBR–FBR configurations showed higher hydrodemetalization than the others (81.00 and 76.95%, respectively). It was confirmed that the formation of sediments increases at high temperatures, whereas at 400 °C, it begins to be significant for the EBR–FBR and EBR–EBR configurations (0.010–0.767 and 0.041–0.613 wt %, respectively), in contrast to the FBR–FBR configuration that presented lesser formation of sediments (0.003–0.009 wt %).

中文翻译：

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反应器构型对常压渣油加氢处理的影响

为了研究反应器配置对加氢处理的影响，在装备有两个串联反应器的中试装置中进行了一系列实验，该反应器可以以两种模式运行：固定床反应器（FBR）或沸腾床反应器（EBR） ）。实验是在常压渣油为原料和市售催化剂的情况下，在100 kg / cm ²的压力下进行的温度为380和400°C。对于EBR–EBR（35.67–52.21％）和EBR–FBR（29.08–53.09％）配置，可获得最高的转化率，而FBR–FBR配置的转化率最低（15.42–27.34％）。在400°C时，EBR–FBR和FBR–FBR配置显示出更高的加氢脱金属能力（分别为81.00和76.95％）。可以肯定的是，高温下沉积物的形成增加，而在400°C时，对于EBR–FBR和EBR–EBR构型（分别为0.010–0.767和0.041–0.613 wt％），沉积物的形成开始显着。 FBR-FBR构型呈现出较少的沉积物形成（0.003-0.009 wt％）。