A method of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the determination of free soluble phenolic compounds in eight ancient varieties of wheat (Triticum sp. pl.): Autonomia, Gentil rosso, Inallettabile, Leone aristato, Mentana, Poulard di Ciano, Risciola, and Terminillo. Trace compounds such as two conjugated flavones, vitexin (17.13–34.32 μg/kg) and isovitexin (9.76–30.01 μg/kg), were also determined. Poulard di Ciano, presumably an autochthonous wheat of the Reggio Emilia province (northern Italy), showed a peculiar quali/quantitative phenolic profile (7097.03 μg/kg sum of total phenolic compounds and 1.97 sum of hydroxycinnamic acids to sum of hydroxybenzoic acids ratio) along with a tetraploid genome. Terminillo, Risciola, Gentil rosso, Mentana, and Leone aristato showed hexaploid genomes and high concentrations of phenolic compounds (ranging from 6796.12 to 7605.78 μg/kg), also in comparison with two modern varieties of bread wheat, Bolero and Blasco. The targeted metabolomic approach proved to be effective to determine some secondary metabolites of wheat. The richness in phenolic compounds combined with high rusticity and adaptability to marginal soils showed by ancient wheat varieties make them suitable for sustainable agricultural and organic cultivation.

中文翻译：

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液相色谱-串联质谱法测定古小麦品种（Triticum sp。pl。）籽粒中的游离可溶性酚类化合物

建立了液相色谱-串联质谱联用的方法，并验证了该方法用于测定八个古老小麦品种（Triticumsp。pl。）：自治区，Gentil rosso，Inallettabile，Leone aristato，Mentana，Poulard di Ciano，Risciola和Terminillo。还测定了痕量化合物，例如两种缀合的黄酮，即黄荆素（17.13–34.32μg/ kg）和异黄铁矿（9.76–30.01μg/ kg）。Poulard di Ciano，大概是雷焦艾米利亚省（意大利北部）的土生小麦，其定性/定量酚类特征（总酚化合物总量为7097.03μg/ kg，羟基肉桂酸与羟基苯甲酸之和为1.97）四倍体基因组。Terminillo，Risciola，Gentil rosso，Mentana和Leone aristato显示了六倍体基因组和高浓度的酚类化合物（范围为6796.12至7605.78μg/ kg），并且与两个现代面包小麦Bolero和Blasco进行了比较。靶向代谢组学方法被证明对确定小麦的一些次生代谢产物是有效的。古代小麦品种显示出酚类化合物的丰富性，高乡村性和对边缘土壤的适应性，使其非常适合可持续农业和有机耕作。