Aluminum (Al) is commonly considered an abiotic stress factor under acidic conditions. Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) has wide application in ecotoxicological research as a model organism and, in this study, its response to Al bioaccumulation was evaluated at morphological, physiological and proteomic levels. The Al accumulation in L. minor was accompanied by chlorosis and growth inhibition. Overproduction of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, and decreased chlorophyll and protein contents, suggested that Al exposure induced oxidative stress. Inhibition of photosynthesis was evident in a significant decrease in maximum photosystem II quantum yield. There were 261 proteins, with significant changes in expression, successfully identified and quantified through isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis. Among the KEGG pathway enrichment proteins, those related to the citrate cycle and amino acid metabolism were predominantly up-regulated, whereas those associated with energy metabolism and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were predominantly down-regulated. In addition, antioxidant enzyme related proteins played an important role in the response of L. minor to Al. The western blot analysis further validated the changes in photosynthetic related proteins. These results provide comprehensive insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Al toxicity and tolerance in L. minor.

铝（Al）通常被认为是在酸性条件下的非生物胁迫因素。浮萍（Lemna minor L.）作为一种模式生物已在生态毒理学研究中得到广泛应用，在这项研究中，在形态，生理和蛋白质组学水平上评估了其对铝生物富集的反应。L中的Al积累。次要的并伴有萎黄病和生长抑制。超氧化物和过氧化氢的过量生产，以及叶绿素和蛋白质含量的降低，表明铝暴露引起了氧化应激。光合作用的抑制在最大光系统II量子产率的显着降低中是明显的。共有261种蛋白质，其表达发生了显着变化，并通过等压标记成功鉴定并定量了用于相对和绝对定量（iTRAQ）分析的蛋白质。在KEGG途径富集蛋白中，与柠檬酸循环和氨基酸代谢相关的蛋白主要被上调，而与能量代谢以及乙醛酸和二羧酸酯代谢相关的蛋白则主要被下调。此外，抗氧化酶相关蛋白在反应中起着重要作用。大号。轻微的阿尔。蛋白质印迹分析进一步验证了光合作用相关蛋白的变化。这些结果提供了全面的见解以Al毒性和耐受性的生理和分子机制大号。未成年人。