Herein, a ternary nanocomposite, comprising metal oxide (InVO₄ and TiO₂) photocatalysts supported on rGO sheets was prepared via the hydrothermal method in the presence and absence of ultrasound irradiation. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared rGO/InVO₄-TiO₂ nanocomposites was evaluated for H₂ evolution activity from water splitting with glycerol as a sacrificial agent. Interestingly, a synergistic effect (6-fold) was observed with rGO/InVO₄-TiO₂ nanocomposite prepared with the help of ultrasound compared to the samples prepared without ultrasound. The optimized nanocomposite (rGO/InVO₄-TiO₂) exhibited a maximum H₂ evolution of 1669 μmol h^-1, a ∼13-fold enhancement compared to the bare TiO₂. This remarkable enhancement is mainly due to the synergistic effect induced by ultrasonic irradiation along with the shifting of the optical band gap of TiO₂ from 3.20 eV to 2.80 eV by loading of InVO₄ and rGO and also strong chemical bonding between metal (Ti) and C through Ti-C bond formation, as identified by UV-vis DRS spectra and XPS spectra, respectively. Moreover, a significant quenching of PL emission intensity and smaller radius arc of the Nyquist plot in the EIS were observed when the rGO and InVO₄ were loaded in TiO₂, indicating the efficient charge carriers separation and transfer in the presence of rGO sheet, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic activity. Thus, application of ultrasound has played significant and important roles in substantially enhancing hydrogen evolution along with rGO and InVO₄ acting as support and co-catalyst, respectively.

在此，在有无超声波照射的情况下，通过水热法制备了包含负载在rGO片上的金属氧化物（InVO ₄和TiO ₂）光催化剂的三元纳米复合材料。评估了制备的rGO / InVO ₄ -TiO ₂纳米复合材料的光催化性能，以甘油为牺牲剂分解水产生的H ₂放出活性。有趣的是，与没有超声制备的样品相比，借助超声制备的rGO / InVO ₄ -TiO ₂纳米复合材料观察到了协同作用（6倍）。优化的纳米复合材料（rGO / InVO ₄ -TiO₂）显示出极大值h ₂的1669微摩尔ħ进化^-1相比于裸的TiO，一个〜13倍的增强₂。这种显着的增强主要是由于超声波照射引起的协同效应，以及由于负载InVO ₄和rGO而使TiO ₂的光学带隙从3.20 eV转变为2.80 eV，以及金属（Ti）和金属之间的牢固化学键合。 C通过Ti-C键形成，分别通过UV-vis DRS光谱和XPS光谱确定。此外，当rGO和InVO ₄负载在TiO _2中时，在EIS中观察到PL发射强度的显着猝灭和奈奎斯特图的较小半径弧。，表明在rGO片的存在下有效的载流子分离和转移，导致增强的光催化活性。因此，超声波的应用在rGO和InVO _4分别充当载体和助催化剂的同时，在充分增强氢的释放方面起着重要的作用。