Solar‐driven photocatalysis with graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C₃N₄) is considered to be the most promising approach for the generation of H₂ from water, the degradation of organic pollutants, and the reduction of CO₂. However, bulk g‐C₃N₄ exhibits several drawbacks, such as a low specific surface area, high defect density, and fast charge recombination, which result in low photocatalytic performance. The construction of 3D porous hydrogels for g‐C₃N₄ through nanostructural engineering is a rapid, feasible, and cost‐effective technique to improve the adsorption capability, stability, and separability of the hydrogel composite; to increase the number of active sites; and to create an internal conductive path for facile charge transfer and high photocatalytic activity. This minireview summarizes recent progress in photocatalytic water splitting and dye degradation by using g‐C₃N₄‐based hydrogels, with respect to state‐of‐the‐art methods for synthesis, preparation, modification, and multicomponent coupling. Furthermore, comprehensive outlooks, future challenges, and concluding remarks regarding the use of g‐C₃N₄‐based hydrogels as highly efficient photocatalysts are presented.

中文翻译：

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石墨化氮化碳基水凝胶作为光催化剂的最新进展

太阳能驱动的石墨碳氮化物（g-C ₃ N ₄）是从水中产生H ₂，降解有机污染物和减少CO ₂的最有前途的方法。但是，体相g‐C ₃ N ₄表现出一些缺点，例如比表面积低，缺陷密度高和电荷重新结合快，导致光催化性能下降。用于g‐C ₃ N ₄的3D多孔水凝胶的构建通过纳米结构工程是一种快速，可行且具有成本效益的技术，可提高水凝胶复合材料的吸附能力，稳定性和可分离性；增加活动站点的数量；并创建一条内部导电路径，以实现便捷的电荷转移和高光催化活性。这篇小型综述总结了使用基于gC ₃ N ₄的水凝胶在光催化水分解和染料降解方面的最新进展，以及有关合成，制备，修饰和多组分偶联的最新方法。此外，还介绍了有关使用基于gC ₃ N ₄的水凝胶作为高效光催化剂的综合前景，未来挑战和总结。