Brazing and soldering following pre-metallization were employed to obtain reliable ZrO₂/Sn-Ti/ZrO₂ joints. Both the metallization and brazing depend on the wettability of ZrO₂ by Sn-Ti alloys. The interfacial microstructure of joints was analyzed by SEM, XRD and TEM, and the shear strength of joints was evaluated. Good brazed joints and fully covered metallization layers, leading to good soldered joints, were obtained by the Sn-4Ti and Sn-8Ti alloys, while unsatisfactory results were obtained with Sn-1Ti and Sn-2Ti alloys owing to their limited wettability on ZrO₂. Both kinds of ZrO₂/Sn-Ti/ZrO₂ joints possessed a β-Sn matrix with Ti₆Sn₅ and Ti₂O₃ interfacial layers. A higher Ti concentration per unit area induced the formation of a Ti_11.31Sn₃O₁₀ layer along with the reduction of the Ti₂O₃ layer thickness at the interface in the soldered joints. All the joints exhibited a similar shear strength of 22 ~ 28 MPa and fractured through the β-Sn matrix.

在预金属化之后进行钎焊和软焊以获得可靠的ZrO ₂ / Sn-Ti / ZrO ₂接头。金属化和钎焊均取决于Sn-Ti合金对ZrO ₂的润湿性。通过SEM，XRD和TEM分析了接头的界面微观结构，并评估了接头的剪切强度。Sn-4Ti和Sn-8Ti合金获得了良好的钎焊接头和充分覆盖的金属化层，从而导致了良好的钎焊接头，而Sn-1Ti和Sn-2Ti合金由于在ZrO _2上的润湿性有限而获得的结果并不令人满意。。两种ZrO ₂ / Sn-Ti / ZrO ₂接头均具有带有Ti ₆ Sn ₅的β-Sn基体Ti ₂ O ₃界面层。单位面积中较高的Ti浓度会导致形成Ti _11.31 Sn ₃ O ₁₀层，并且会降低焊接接头界面处的Ti ₂ O ₃层厚度。所有接头均表现出相似的抗剪强度，为22〜28 MPa，并通过β-Sn基体断裂。