Combination of biomass and coal for energy production is conducive to the sustainable development of society and a clean-energy future. This study investigates co-pyrolysis behavior of raw/torrefied rice straw and coal blends. Mild torrefaction (250 °C) and severe torrefaction (300 °C) were taken into consideration. Samples of five mixing ratios were tested by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the resulting chars were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and SEM–EDS. The results show that co-pyrolysis had little effect on char yields. Decomposition rate curves showed two distinct peaks for raw/mild-torrefied rice straw and coal blends, and the reaction rate was enhanced below 380 °C. However, only one peak appeared for severely torrefied rice straw blended with coal. During co-pyrolysis, the secondary pyrolysis of coal around 700 °C was inhibited, and the graphitization degree of biomass char increased, while the crystalline structure of coal char was poorly organized. The activation energy of mixtures also changed in different pyrolysis stages.

中文翻译：

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生/精制稻草和煤共混物的共热解行为和炭结构演变

将生物质和煤炭结合用于能源生产，有利于社会的可持续发展和清洁能源的未来。这项研究调查了生/焙干的稻草和煤炭混合物的共热解行为。考虑了轻度烘焙（250°C）和重度烘焙（300°C）。通过热重分析仪测试了五种混合比例的样品，并通过拉曼光谱和SEM-EDS对所得的炭进行了表征。结果表明，共热解对焦炭收率影响很小。分解速率曲线在生/轻度焙制的稻草和煤混合物中显示了两个不同的峰，在380°C以下，反应速率得到了提高。但是，将经过严格烘烤的稻草与煤混合后仅出现一个峰值。在共热解过程中，抑制了700°C附近煤的二次热解，煤焦的石墨化程度增加，而煤焦的晶体结构较差。混合物的活化能在不同的热解阶段也发生了变化。