Devices with printable carbon electrodes are promising directions for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Most of perovskite solar cells employ mesoporous device structures when using printable carbon as the counter electrodes. Here, we carry a comparative study of planar and mesoporous perovskite solar cells with carbon electrodes. The device efficiency is significantly reduced from 11.37% to 5.27% when the mesoporous TiO₂ film is removed from the device structure. Compared with the planar device, smaller carrier transport resistance and bigger carrier recombination resistance are demonstrated for the mesoporous device. Results suggest that the presence of mesoporous TiO₂ enables an efficient electron extraction from the perovskite absorber, which remits the serious carrier recombination in the hole transport layer free device due to the hole accumulation. Therefore, the electron extraction efficiency is crucial in these hole transport layer free devices with carbon electrodes. This study helps to develop further optimization of low temperature carbon-based perovskite solar cells for higher reproducibility and higher device performance.

具有可印刷碳电极的设备是钙钛矿太阳能电池商业化的有前途的方向。当使用可印刷碳作为反电极时，大多数钙钛矿太阳能电池采用中孔器件结构。在这里，我们进行了带有碳电极的平面和介孔钙钛矿太阳能电池的比较研究。当从器件结构中去除中孔TiO ₂膜时，器件效率从11.37％显着降低到5.27％。与平面器件相比，介孔器件具有较小的载流子传输阻力和较大的载流子复合阻力。结果表明介孔TiO ₂的存在能够从钙钛矿吸收剂中有效地提取电子，这消除了由于空穴积累而导致的无空穴传输层器件中严重的载流子复合。因此，在这些具有碳电极的无空穴传输层的器件中，电子提取效率至关重要。这项研究有助于进一步优化低温碳基钙钛矿太阳能电池，以实现更高的可重复性和更高的器件性能。