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Dithiocarbamate-inspired side chain stapling chemistry for peptide drug design†
Chemical Science ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-30 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03275k
Xiang Li 1, 2 , W David Tolbert 2 , Hong-Gang Hu 1 , Neelakshi Gohain 2 , Yan Zou 1 , Fan Niu 2 , Wang-Xiao He 2 , Weirong Yuan 2 , Jia-Can Su 3 , Marzena Pazgier 2 , Wuyuan Lu 2
Affiliation  

Two major pharmacological hurdles severely limit the widespread use of small peptides as therapeutics: poor proteolytic stability and membrane permeability. Importantly, low aqueous solubility also impedes the development of peptides for clinical use. Various elaborate side chain stapling chemistries have been developed for α-helical peptides to circumvent this problem, with considerable success in spite of inevitable limitations. Here we report a novel peptide stapling strategy based on the dithiocarbamate chemistry linking the side chains of residues Lys(i) and Cys(i + 4) of unprotected peptides and apply it to a series of dodecameric peptide antagonists of the p53-inhibitory oncogenic proteins MDM2 and MDMX. Crystallographic studies of peptide–MDM2/MDMX complexes structurally validated the chemoselectivity of the dithiocarbamate staple bridging Lys and Cys at (i, i + 4) positions. One dithiocarbamate-stapled PMI derivative, DTCPMI, showed a 50-fold stronger binding to MDM2 and MDMX than its linear counterpart. Importantly, in contrast to PMI and its linear derivatives, the DTCPMI peptide actively traversed the cell membrane and killed HCT116 tumor cells in vitro by activating the tumor suppressor protein p53. Compared with other known stapling techniques, our solution-based DTC stapling chemistry is simple, cost-effective, regio-specific and environmentally friendly, promising an important new tool for the development of peptide therapeutics with improved pharmacological properties including aqueous solubility, proteolytic stability and membrane permeability.

中文翻译:

受二硫代氨基甲酸盐启发的用于肽药物设计的侧链钉合化学†

两个主要的药理学障碍严重限制了小肽作为治疗剂的广泛使用:蛋白水解稳定性差和膜渗透性差。重要的是,低水溶性也阻碍了用于临床的肽的开发。已经为α-螺旋肽开发了各种复杂的侧链装订化学来规避这个问题,尽管存在不可避免的限制,但取得了相当大的成功。在这里,我们报告了一种基于连接残基 Lys( i ) 和 Cys( i )侧链的二硫代氨基甲酸酯化学的新型肽缝合策略。+ 4) 未受保护的肽,并将其应用于 p53 抑制性致癌蛋白 MDM2 和 MDMX 的一系列十二聚体肽拮抗剂。肽-MDM2/MDMX 复合物的晶体学研究在结构上验证了二硫代氨基甲酸酯主食在 ( i , i + 4) 位置桥接 Lys 和 Cys 的化学选择性。一种二硫代氨基甲酸酯钉合的 PMI 衍生物DTC PMI 与 MDM2 和 MDMX 的结合比其线性对应物强 50 倍。重要的是,与 PMI 及其线性衍生物相比,DTC PMI 肽在体外主动穿过细胞膜并杀死 HCT116 肿瘤细胞通过激活肿瘤抑制蛋白 p53。与其他已知的缝合技术相比,我们的基于溶液的 DTC 缝合化学简单、经济高效、区域特异性和环境友好,有望成为开发具有改善的药理学特性(包括水溶性、蛋白水解稳定性和膜通透性。
更新日期:2018-11-30
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