Designing environmentally friendly materials from natural resources represents a great challenge in the last decade. However, the lack of fundamental knowledge in the processing of the raw materials to fabricate the composites structure is still a major challenge for potential applications.

Natural fibers extracted from plants are receiving more attention from researchers, scientists and academics due to their use in polymer composites and also their environmentally friendly nature and sustainability. The natural fiber features depend on the preparation and processing of the fibers. Natural plant fibers are extracted either by mechanical retting, dew retting and/or water retting processes. The natural fibers characteristics could be improved by suitable chemicals and surface treatments. This survey proposes a detailed review of the different types of retting processes, chemical and surface treatments and characterization techniques for natural fibers. We summarize major findings from the literature and the treatment effects on the properties of the natural fibers are being highlighted.

在过去的十年中，利用自然资源设计环保材料是一项巨大的挑战。然而，在原材料加工以制造复合材料结构方面缺乏基本知识仍然是潜在应用的主要挑战。

从植物中提取的天然纤维因其在聚合物复合材料中的使用以及其环保性质和可持续性而受到研究人员，科学家和学者的更多关注。天然纤维的特性取决于纤维的制备和加工。天然植物纤维是通过机械浸胶，露水浸胶和/或水浸胶工艺提取的。天然纤维的特性可以通过适当的化学药品和表面处理来改善。这项调查提出了对天然纤维不同类型的脱胶工艺，化学和表面处理以及表征技术的详细审查。我们总结了文献中的主要发现，并且突出了对天然纤维性能的处理效果。