Abstract The recent criteria to evaluate electromagnetic wave absorber include low density, strong absorbency, wide absorption bandwidth and thin absorber thickness, but its performance at low frequencies is always ignored. In this paper, the porous magnetic carbon nanofibers (P-CNF/Fe) for high-efficient electromagnetic wave absorption at low frequencies were fabricated by electrospinning followed by stabilization and carbonization. With the introduction of porous nanostructure, the permittivity of carbon nanofibers was decreased at low frequency and the impedance matching of permittivity and permeability was realized. The electromagnetic absorbing properties were investigated in detail. The minimum reflection coefficient reaches −44.86 dB at 4.42 GHz, and the widest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) in the frequency was 3.28 range from 12.96 to 16.24 GHz. Consequently, considering the EM wave absorption performance, P-CNF/Fe synthesized in this work can be a promising candidate in the field of EM wave attenuation.

中文翻译：

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通过静电纺丝合成用于低频电磁波吸收的多孔磁性碳纳米纤维（P-CNF/Fe）

摘要 近来评价电磁波吸收体的标准包括密度低、吸收能力强、吸收带宽宽、吸收体厚度薄，但其低频性能却一直被忽视。在本文中，通过静电纺丝然后稳定和碳化制备了用于低频高效电磁波吸收的多孔磁性碳纳米纤维（P-CNF/Fe）。随着多孔纳米结构的引入，碳纳米纤维在低频时的介电常数降低，实现了介电常数和磁导率的阻抗匹配。详细研究了电磁吸收特性。最小反射系数在 4.42 GHz 时达到 -44.86 dB，频率内最宽的有效吸收带宽 (EAB) 为 3.28，范围为 12。96 至 16.24 GHz。因此，考虑到电磁波吸收性能，在这项工作中合成的 P-CNF/Fe 可以成为电磁波衰减领域的一个有前途的候选者。