High-salinity mustard tuber wastewater (MTWW) was utilized to obtain effluent treatment and recover bio-energy simultaneously in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Since the long-term performance of MFCs in MTWW remains unclear, this study examined electricity generation and the microbial community that developed over a 195-day test. The MFC produced electricity over the entire testing period, with stable power output obtained on days 32–120. In the stable phase, a maximum power density of 12.43 W·m⁻³ was observed, and the internal resistance, open circuit voltage, and columbic efficiency (CE) were 148 Ω, 756 mV and 36.7 ± 1.2%, respectively. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal continuously increased to 89.0 ± 1.5% and 98.6 ± 2.0%, respectively, the maximum rates that were obtained at the end of the experiment, respectively. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed that hydrolytic/fermentative bacteria could be considered as the bioanode core microbiome, constituting 36.90% of the microbiome. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), including Dethiosulfovibrio, Thermovirga, Desulfovibrio, and Desulfuromonas, eventually outcompeted the exoelectrogens completely, causing an irreversible loss in CE. This study provides more ideas for treatment and utilization of high-salinity MTWW.

利用高盐度芥菜块茎废水（MTWW）进行废水处理，并同时在微生物燃料电池（MFC）中回收生物能源。由于MFCs在MTWW中的长期性能尚不清楚，因此本研究调查了经过195天测试的发电量和微生物群落。MFC在整个测试期间发电，在第32-120天获得稳定的功率输出。在稳定阶段，最大功率密度为12.43 W·m ^-3观察到，其内部电阻，开路电压和库仑效率（CE）分别为148Ω，756 mV和36.7±1.2％。化学需氧量（COD）和生化需氧量（BOD）的去除率分别连续增加至89.0±1.5％和98.6±2.0％，分别是实验结束时获得的最大比率。此外，16S rRNA基因测序分析表明，水解/发酵细菌可被视为生物阳极核心微生物组，占微生物组的36.90％。硫酸盐还原菌（SRB），包括Dethiosulfovibrio，Thermovirga，脱硫弧菌，和Desulfuromonas，最终完全超过了exoelectrogens，导致CE不可逆转的损失。这项研究为高盐度MTWW的治疗和利用提供了更多思路。