Humanity has entered a new geological epoch during which dramatic environmental trends, on a range of scales from local to global, are transforming natural systems. The predominant influence of Homo sapiens on the global environment has led to the growing use of the term ‘Anthropocene Epoch’¹ to distinguish it from the ‘Holocene Epoch’, a climatically generally benign period which lasted around 11 500 years, during which humanity developed from hunter-gatherer and agrarian societies to increasingly urbanized communities. This transformation has been accompanied by pronounced increases in energy and freshwater use to drive economic growth and satisfy the growing demands of humanity for food and natural resources.^2,3 It has resulted in unprecedented human progress, including the ‘Escape from Poverty’⁴ of many millions of people, particularly in Asia and Latin America. Since 1900, the global average life expectancy has more than doubled and is now almost 70 years. All countries in the world have a higher life expectancy than the countries with the highest life expectancy in 1800.⁵

中文翻译：

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人类时代的健康-对流行病学的启示

人类已经进入了一个新的地质时代，在此期间，从局部到全球范围的各种规模的急剧环境趋势正在改变自然系统。的主要影响智人对全球环境已经导致越来越多地使用术语“人类世时代”的¹至从“全新世”，历时约11 500多年的气候一般良性的时期，在此期间，人类发展区分开来从狩猎采集者和农业社会到日趋城市化的社区。这种转变伴随着能源和淡水使用量的显着增加，以推动经济增长并满足人类对粮食和自然资源日益增长的需求。^{2 ，3}它带来了前所未有的人类进步，包括数百万人的“摆脱贫困” ⁴，特别是在亚洲和拉丁美洲。自1900年以来，全球平均预期寿命已增加了一倍以上，现在已接近70岁。世界上所有国家的预期寿命都高于1800年预期寿命最高的国家^。5