More electric aircrafts (MEAs) comprise a vast amount of power electronic loads, which usually behave as constant power loads (CPLs). The incremental negative impedance of CPLs threatens system stability. To ensure an effective control of power flow in MEAs, eliminating the undesired behavior of CPLs is a necessity. This aim requires spontaneous power estimation of the time-varying uncertain loads. In this paper, an adaptive backstepping controller, which is interconnected to a third-degree cubature Kalman filter, is developed for a dc microgrid (MG) feeding nonideal CPLs. At first, the load power is considered as an artificial state and augmented into the system states, which enables estimation of not only the dc MG states but also the unknown value of the load power. The estimated load power is then forwarded to a backstepping controller. The systematic approach of this controller allows obtaining the control signal, which is the duty ratio of the switch, to not only system stabilizing but also tracking a desired voltage of the dc bus under the load power variations. The proposed adaptive controller is tested on a dc MG that has one CPL. The conducted experimental results verify the proposed nonlinear control in tracking the desired voltage of the dc bus under slow and fast variations of the load power.

中文翻译：

---

在更多电动飞机中为不确定负载供电的直流微电网的跟踪控制：自适应反步法

更多的电动飞机 (MEA) 包含大量电力电子负载，这些负载通常表现为恒功率负载 (CPL)。CPL 的增量负阻抗威胁到系统稳定性。为了确保对 MEA 中的功率流进行有效控制，必须消除 CPL 的不良行为。这个目标需要时变的不确定负载的自发功率估计。在本文中，为直流微电网 (MG) 馈电非理想 CPL 开发了一种自适应反步控制器，该控制器与三度容积卡尔曼滤波器互连。首先，负载功率被认为是一种人工状态，并增加到系统状态中，这不仅可以估计直流 MG 状态，还可以估计负载功率的未知值。然后将估计的负载功率转发到反步控制器。该控制器的系统方法允许获得控制信号，即开关的占空比，不仅可以稳定系统，还可以在负载功率变化下跟踪直流总线的所需电压。建议的自适应控制器在具有一个 CPL 的直流 MG 上进行测试。进行的实验结果验证了所提出的非线性控制在负载功率的缓慢和快速变化下跟踪直流总线的所需电压。