Constant energy supply for sensor nodes is essential for the development of the green Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, WRSNs have been proposed to resolve the energy limitations of nodes, aiming to realize continuous functioning. In this article, a coverage-aware hierarchical charging algorithm in WRSNs is proposed, considering energy consumption and the degree of node coverage. The algorithm first performs network clustering using the K-means algorithm. In addition, nodes are classified into multiple levels in each cluster to calculate respective anchor points based on the energy consumption rate and coverage degree of nodes. Then, the anchor points converge to an optimized anchor point in each cluster. To reduce charging latency, the optimized anchor points form two disjoint internal and external polygons. Next, mobile chargers travel along the internal and external polygons, respectively. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can improve charging efficiency and reduce charging latency substantially.

中文翻译：

---

无线可充电传感器网络中的覆盖感知分层充电算法


传感器节点的持续能源供应对于绿色物联网（IoT）的发展至关重要。最近，WRSN被提出来解决节点的能量限制，旨在实现连续运行。本文提出了一种考虑能量消耗和节点覆盖程度的 WRSN 中覆盖感知的分层计费算法。该算法首先使用K-means算法进行网络聚类。此外，每个簇中的节点被分为多个级别，根据节点的能量消耗率和覆盖程度计算各自的锚点。然后，锚点收敛到每个簇中的优化锚点。为了减少充电延迟，优化的锚点形成两个不相交的内部和外部多边形。接下来，移动充电器分别沿着内部和外部多边形移动。实验结果表明，该算法能够大幅提高充电效率并降低充电延迟。