A facile and practical ratiometric fluorescence probe based on two CdTe quantum dots (QDs) coated with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) was prepared for the detection of trace malachite green (MG) in fish. Two CdTe QDs coated with MIPs were fabricated by a one-pot method using MG, (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as template, functional monomer, and cross-linker, respectively. CdTe QDs with λ_em 530 nm (gQDs) and 630 nm (rQDs) were used as the referential fluorophore and target sensitive fluorophore, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of gQDs remained unchanged in the presence of MG, while the fluorescence of rQDs could be quantitatively quenched by MG based on the strategy of fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The ratiometric fluorescence probe (MIPs@gQDs&rQDs) was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The linear range of MG detection was 0.1–32 μmol L⁻¹ with a detection limit of 8.8 μg kg⁻¹. The constructed probe has been successfully applied to the detection of MG in fish with the recoveries of 92.3–109.1%, which were validated by the method of HPLC. The result indicated that the probe possessed rapid response, wide linear range, high sensitivity, and relatively high selectivity, and was low-cost and easy in operation in the detection of MG in fish samples.

中文翻译：

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MIPs @ CdTe QD的比例荧光探针用于鱼类中痕量孔雀石绿的检测

基于两个涂有分子印迹聚合物（MIP）的CdTe量子点（QD）的实用而实用的比例荧光探针被制备用于检测鱼中的孔雀石绿（MG）。通过一锅法分别使用MG，（3-氨基丙基）三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）和原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）作为模板，功能单体和交联剂，制备了两个涂有MIP的CdTe QD。CdTe量子点与λ _EM530 nm（gQDs）和630 nm（rQDs）分别用作参考荧光团和目标敏感荧光团。MG存在下，gQDs的荧光强度保持不变，而rQDs的荧光可以根据荧光共振能量转移策略被MG定量猝灭。通过透射电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱对比例荧光探针（MIPs @ gQDs＆rQDs）进行了表征。MG检测的线性范围为0.1–32μmolL ^-1，检测极限为8.8μgkg ^-1。所构建的探针已成功应用于鱼类中MG的检测，其回收率为92.3–109.1％，并已通过HPLC方法验证。结果表明，该探针具有响应速度快，线性范围宽，灵敏度高，选择性高等优点，价格低廉，易于检测鱼样中的重金属。